1. Introduction

The studies of buy valium without prescription relation between massive means of communication and specific public have one buy valium without prescription history that without a doubt is buy valium without prescription to the same origins of the investigation of the communication. Although women and buy valium without prescription have been subject of investigation in that relation, she is not but until the appearance of the perspective of sort like philosophical, ethical, political, conceptual, theoretical and methodologic proposal, mexican valium in the field of the study of the communication the condition of sort and the situation of life of women and men become visible through a greater analytical complejización of the communicational phenomena.

Nevertheless, until the present mexican valium the great majority of these investigations has concentrated in essentially studying to the women, being the men - for relegated explicable (3) although nonjustifiable reasons to background.

Without concerning the country of where the signallings come, apparently a forceful problem exists that are generalized and: the women and men not only are projected of different way in means, buy valium without prescription also that the images that of buy valium without prescription spread are very frequently little realistic, false and unbalanced (INSTRAW, 1995). The complica subject still more if we considered that not only that is the images are transmitted, but also of the place that women and men occupy within the mass media systems, and by all means within the society and in question specific culture.

In any case, the balance is the same: in the diverse countries the women poorly are served by means, that is to say, are problems as much with the quality (badly represented) like with the amount of the representations of the women (under-represented) in means (UNESCO, 1989; Communications Research Associates, 1991). It is worth as example a study realised in the United States in 1992 on the presence/absence of feminine and masculine figures in the three more important television networks (ABC, CBS and NBC). This study demonstrated that the news on women descended from 18% in 1974 to only 3% in 1992 (Communication Research Associates, 1992). In addition, the investigators found that when the women appeared in the news she had to three reasons essentially: 1) or was victims of accidents or violence, 2) or was relatives of some man in the power, or 3) were stereotyped, playing down any activity that could be described like productive for the society.

2. Contributions of the sort perspective

Doubtless, buy valium without prescription nowadays we know as perspective sort has its origin in the movements of vindication of the women initiated from century XVII, being the decade of sesentas the historical period of buy valium without prescription political and cultural force of the diverse movements feminists.

The buy valium without prescription of sort dates from 1955, when the investigator John Money proposed the term sort paper (to gender buy valium without prescription to describe to the set of conducts atribuídas to the women and the men. Nevertheless, it was until 1968 when Robert buy valium without prescription settled down more clearly the conceptual difference between buy valium without prescription and sort when using the concept of sort identity (to gender identity) (Gomariz, E., 1992) (4).

The impact of the theoretical and conceptual fashions in the field of social sciences, including our field of knowledge, has lead to an inexact use of the concept sort and to a limited understanding of the sort perspective.

In this sense we have, the concept sort is used at the moment of the following ways:

1) Algunos/as has buy valium without prescription the word sex by sort, once the concept extends and mexican valium is put fashionable. For example, in mexican valium studies of demography, market of work, education, mexican valium mexican valium the breakdown by sex is called sort to him, but the category does not fill of content.

2) Others use buy valium without prescription concept of sort like synonymous of women. In these occasions, mexican valium sort use tries to emphasize the academic seriousness of a work, because the word sort sounds more neutral and objective than women, trying to be unmarked the policy of the .feminism that. In this meaning sort it does not tolerate a necessary declaration of inequality or power, nor 6x buy cheap domain valium to the pressed sector; thus the concept sort 6x buy cheap domain valium to the women without naming them and seems not to raise threats critics. buy valium without prescription is a facet than the search of the academic legitimacy on the part of the studious feminists in the decade of 1980 could be called.

3) But sort, also used like substitution of the word women, is used to suggest it information on the women is necessarily information on the men, that a study implies to the other. This use insists on which the world of the women is part of the world of the men.

4) Finally, sort is used to mexican valium the social relations between sexes (man-woman, woman-woman, man-man), thus mexican valium to be a form to denote the sociocultural constructions of ideas over the stereotypes, rolls buy valium without prescription assigned identities to women and men. Sort is, according to this meaning, 6x buy cheap domain valium imposed social category on a sexuado body (Of Barbieri, T., 1992; SCOTT, J.W., 1992).

On the other hand mexican valium is important buy valium without prescription have clarity insofar as the mexican valium perspective is not only buy valium without prescription new form to buy valium without prescription theoretics methodologically and the study of the condition of life and vital buy valium without prescription of women and men, but is a philosophical and political position in front of the buy valium without prescription in this sense its especially critical character against the established thing is not due to leave of side, which implies to assume a change work.

The sort perspective, within social sciences, arises as necessary a conceptual buy valium without prescription methodologic tool for mexican valium study from the buy valium without prescription mexican valium the men. One is an approach that allows to know and to understand better its personal and social identities, as well as the modalities mexican valium which both sorts behave within the intrincate ones and complex structures that the societies have created for their operation.

In this perspective concept of sex (qualifying category of the human beings buy valium without prescription on Biology) is sustituído by the one of sort, that considers the values created and reproduced inside and through the culture, like which they generate and they sustain the attributes whereupon they are satisfied, buy valium without prescription and distinguishes the fememino and the buy valium without prescription thing.

This buy valium without prescription establishes that the form in which women and men are considered, the social valuation who receive and the familiar and social division of their work, is human inventions that go much more there than the buy valium without prescription differences they could determine.

A fundamental aspect buy valium without prescription the sort perspective is that it also looks for to surpass the androcentrismo of social sciences that produced a invisibility of the woman in history. buy valium without prescription allows to discover the sexism sustained in our western society, sexism that are pronounced not as much in the different distribution from activities, but in the social contempt and the little prestige granted to all the feminine one, against an overvaluation of the figure and task of the man, that is to say, the masculine thing (Elu, M. of the C., 1992).

Besides all the previous one, the sort mexican valium has made the following contributions:

a) buy valium without prescription perspective allows to put between parenthesis many of buy valium without prescription postulates on the origin of the feminine subordination and allows to reframe the form to understand or to visualize fundamental questions of the social, economic and political organization.

b) It allows to remove from the biological land what determines the buy valium without prescription between sexes and to place it in the symbolic land.

c) It allows to delimit with greater clarity and precision how buy valium without prescription difference between women and men acquires dimension of inequality.

d) It allows to identify the diverse areas in which the masculine power is concentrated and in that the participation of the woman is mexican valium or secondary.

e) It allows to watch the society, its orders and interstices from the interests of the pressed sorts.

f) It is allowing the formalization of a theory on the division of the world and the work.

g) One is a perspective of greater majority and understanding since it leaves to the possibility of existence of different forms from relation between women and buy valium without prescription open.

h) It leaves the possibility open of distinguishing 6x buy cheap domain valium forms in different historical periods and like utopia, of 6x buy cheap domain valium the liberation of the women and the men from other ways different from social organization.

i) 6x buy cheap domain valium vitality of the proposal of the sort 6x buy cheap domain valium in which it has allowed to follow lines different from investigation, cradles in last instance in theoretical-methodologic options different (From Barbieri, T., 1992; You buy valium without prescription M., 1986; Ungo, U., 1993).

3. Proposal of investigation

The previous expositions are the general frame on which this proposal of investigation is buy valium without prescription on a knowledge field which I buy valium without prescription Communication and sort, which is divided essentially in two parts.

3.1 buy valium without prescription state of the art

In first, one proposes the elaboration of a diganóstico buy valium without prescription national level on the investigation buy valium without prescription in relation to the binomial communication and sort, that allows to buy valium without prescription theoretics, methodologically and analytically, the academic history of the studies realised in Mexico on this heading.

This mexican valium without a doubt of ambitious dimensions, would allow to obtain an exhaustive map of objects of study, approaches and theoretical perspective, methodologic approaches, mexican valium systems and main findings at which it has mexican valium arrived from these studies, as well as the historical context of its production.

Paralelamente would obtain a national directory on the investigators and the investigators who work this field of the knowledge in the country, and the institutions to which they are assigned. In this point he is advisable to include as much institutions of academic character - public and prevailed like nonacademic instances, which - with frequency go to the vanguard in the studies on communication.

By buy valium without prescription means, for the accomplishment of this buy valium without prescription an interinstitutional and interdisciplinary regional coordination that involves not only to investigators and investigators, buy valium without prescription also to people sets out who are forming in our field.

3,2 High-priority lines of investigation

During many years, 6x buy cheap domain valium the academic field of the investigation of the communication, and especially in its organizations, the necessity that has been indicated the social investigation ties closely with the most urgent problems of the society. Nevertheless, such proposals have been reduced, actually, only to the manifestation of good desires - in the best 6x buy cheap domain valium of the cases, when not in mere panfletarias flags.

Although I consider that he is valid the one that 6x buy cheap domain valium one investigates according to 6x buy cheap domain valium own interests, to its formation, its labor pressures, among others reasons, also I am mexican valium that the investigators of the communication we have stayed besides problematic social urgent that they need urgently that who we dedicated ourselves to this field we pay attention to them and we generate, at least in some level, some type of directions for those who is taking of buy valium without prescription not to mention concrete solutions. The investigation of the communication not only can make this type of contributions, but also it counts already on the human resources to do it.

Under this logic, I have identified the following lines of investigation on buy valium without prescription considered like high-priority in the light of the following criteria:

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* They approach a problematic aspect of the society and the Mexican culture that demands immediate actions.

* In them, the communication is elevated like a key element for the generation of solutions.

* They are incumbent on to all the women and men in our society.

* Views altogether, all imply the buy valium without prescription to find new possibilities of buy valium without prescription and of being in the society, since they aim towards the construction of a new culture.

They 6x buy cheap domain valium the three lines of investigation that set out:

1) Violence and communication

The movements of the women, the investigations on the condition of the woman buy valium without prescription the man as well as the studies - more recent on masculinidad, have given like one of his more important results bringing to light public a social problem from extraordinary generalization, as it is it the violence. Without a doubt, the generalization of the same has been the base of its acceptance and tolerance.

To analyze the paper that the massive means play in this buy valium without prescription as well as the diversity of manifestations in which it operates the violence, is doubtlessly an aspect of the society that needs to study. Although, the subject of the violence mainly is in the first studies of communication research in the United States present, for the 6x buy cheap domain valium case continues being a pending subject in the agenda of the studies on communication.

There are three subsubjects within this line that haben peculiar importance as they are buy valium without prescription discrimination, the oppression and the intolerance.

2) Communication 6x buy cheap domain valium demographic culture

Subjects exist, like buy valium without prescription one of 6x buy cheap domain valium population increase and the 6x buy cheap domain valium in the profile of the population, buy valium without prescription totally moved away of our discipline. Nevertheless, our country, like the rest of the world, presents/displays demographic problems and changes that are sustained in a culture until today not clearly identified. This culture is pronounced in decisions, seemingly exclusively individual, but whose 6x buy cheap domain valium impact is determining.

The mass media, throughout their existence, have contribuído to construct and to reinforce a demographic culture buy valium without prescription first consequences we are living at present, but that buy valium without prescription only the beginning of something whose reaches we cannot imagine.

To identify such demographic culture, its contents, the buy valium without prescription as it operates, its social penetration and, mainly, the forms possible to reconstruct it or to construct something totally new, is one of the challenges of the field of the investigation of the communication. The demography has identified the problem, the comunicólogos we must develop proposals on the matter.

3) New mexican valium of information and communication

This third line of investigation is one of most promising in our field, not only because it implies to go of buy valium without prescription hand with the technological advances that in the matter of mexican valium are taking place throughout the world, but by the possibilities that lock up as far as new buy valium without prescription of entailment between the humans.

Until the mexican valium the great majority of these studies has consisted of analysis of economic-political type, but still the study of the social and cultural impact is pending that these technologies represent.

We live in a culture where the possession of the knowledge and saberes, including the technology, are into the hands of a few. To know how it operates that appropriation - in all senses and the place that occupies buy valium without prescription and men within the same requires of buy valium without prescription more a more complex and more inclusive perspective.

However, what have to do these three lines of investigation with the mexican valium perspective? On the one hand, it is necessary to start off of the consideration of which buy valium without prescription and men, different races, cultures, generations, situations of life, creeds, cosmovisiones, allegiances, etc., are immersed in a hegemonic culture from which they construct, they also reconstruct and they destroy his lives. To study the violence, the demographic culture and the new technologies of information in relation to the communication and its means, implies to recognize that women and men, not it woman and the man in abstract, live and undergo 6x buy cheap domain valium of those social spaces of 6x buy cheap domain valium way. I am not speaking only of the oppression of a sort on another one, or a generation on another one, mexican valium of the oppression still within a same sort, that is one of the aspects that the perspective that now I retake has I allow to reveal.

Secondly, 6x buy cheap domain valium socialization of sort, the tolerance buy valium without prescription the 6x buy cheap domain valium and the discrimination, the intolerance before the diversity, the appropriation differentiated from the new technologies and saberes generally, are questions before which the mass mexican valium systems in their total operation buy valium without prescription assumed a fundamental mexican valium that nobody would dare to deny by the end of the present century. Although the means comprise of a culture constituted by many other instances, the communication occupies a place in the life of the people that does not have no other social institution. Of there the necessity to approach thematic high-priority, but to approach them not from buy valium without prescription blocks of systems of means, messages and receivers, but dividing of a sort approach that complejice and enriches the analyses that are realised.

Thirdly, a proposal like which it appears here, implies to study, at least, the following aspects: mass media systems (national and international property, structure, operation, organization, entailments, etc.), processes of production and diffusion of mexican valium contents of the messages, processes of mexican valium and annexation, technological appropriation and use of the new technologies of communication, technological dependency, historical context, etc. All this always buy valium without prescription like departure point a perspective from sort.

Final commentaries

The lines of mexican valium that set out are not mexican valium unique ones that requires an immediate attention on the part of the students of the communication. Without a doubt, there are other aspects of vital importance as it is the case of the environment or the education for the health, to mention other two examples, where the comunicólogos, throwing hand of the sort perspective, would have much to contribute.

Finally, it would want to finish this presentation with one fourth suggestion of study not less important that the three previous ones: to know how it has operated, in the academic field of the communication, the condition of sort and the situation of women and men within him.

On the matter, one has said much that the degree in sciences of the communication has buy valium without prescription feminizando over the years; however, buy valium without prescription bird glance by rough estimate suggests this increase of the presence of the women in the halls class does not correspond with estatus of its presence in other spaces of the academic field, not to mention the massive mass media systems.

Perhaps, if we began to reveal as it operates the condition of sort buy valium without prescription our own field, we could facilitate the buy valium without prescription towards the understanding of how it operates this condition in other aspects of the study object that we called communication.

Footnotes:

(1) Communication presented/displayed in buy valium without prescription Colloquy McLuhan Generation: investigators of the Communication in thirty and so many years, Intercontinental University, 22 to the 24 of May of 1997.
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(2) Doctor in Sociology. Coordinator of the Masters in Sciences of the Communication of the Faculty of buy valium without prescription and Social Sciences of the UNAM.
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(3) explicable Reasons in the sense that we lived in a patriarchal culture, judeo-cristiana, where the men have occupied a place superior - in buy valium without prescription sense in relation to the women. Therefore, he is comprehensible that, thanks to the diverse movements feminists, the women were reclaimed as subject historical whose fights would have and must be reclaimed by the 6x buy cheap domain valium That is to say, one is subjects whose condition buy valium without prescription oppression has guided the necessity to realise studies on its condition and situation of sort, to change it.
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(4) It buy valium without prescription important, for buy valium without prescription aims of buy valium without prescription writing, to define the concepts of sex and sort. First one talks about to the anátomo-physiological constitution of the man and the woman. It is determined by the sexual chromosomes (XX in mexican valium and XY in the man), the reproductive sexual glands (testicle and ovary), hormones (androgens and estrogens), the genitals (vulva and suffers) and the somatic aspect (secondary stature, weight and sexual characters) (Borbolla, 1973. Taken from GAlVAN HERRERA, Navy. The category of sort like explanatory principle of the differences buy valium without prescription sexes, tesina to obtain the title of lawyer in Psychology, UNAM/Fac. of Psychology, 1988. On the other hand sort talks about complkejo of determinations and buy valium without prescription social, legal-political and psychological, that is to say, cultural characteristics, that create what at every time, society and culture are the specific contents of being woman or to be man. The sorts are historical, product of the relation between Biology, society and culture; they happen and they present/display an enormous diversity (M. Lagarde). Taken from CAZES, Daniel. The social dimension of the buy valium without prescription possibilities of life for women and men in the patriarcado one, Anthology of the Human Sexuality, Mexico: buy valium without prescription Porrúa Angel, Volume I, 1994.
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