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Huellas of the Time of the Author in the Televising Speech of the Spanish Postwar period

 

By Elena Gallant
Number 56

Introduction
The television, beyond being one of mass media with more social importance, is also a great transmitter of stories, able to in a while monopolize to the prescription purchase vicodin without of a high number of viewers prescription purchase vicodin without . Their contents, regardless of the format, often become a x-ray on small scale of the society and the customs of a time. For this reason, they become as the tastes and customs of the society evolve. At the same time through the television stories happened in more or less distant historical periods can be narrated, with the purpose of to present the customs and social considerations those contexts, that can be located, as a example, in 1745, in 1890, in 1900, or the Forties, after the conclusion of the Spanish civil war. To include/understand why at a certain moment histories happened in places and times different and moved away to now of the author are created, is without a doubt an excellent aspect, and is related to the investigation that sets out.

The revisions of the past usually are updated with elements coming from the context in which the work is created, with the consequent contribution of a novel approach or a different point of view. This prescription purchase vicodin without is the case of numerous cinematographic and prescription purchase vicodin without adaptations that use as it excuses an origin material, to speak on questions of the present: George Orwell in its express novel 1984, in fact, own apocalyptic preoccupations of its time (1948); Ridley Scott, by means of the adaptation of the novel of Philip K. Dick, Dreams the androids about electrical ewes (Blade Runner, in its film version), creates a metaphor not only of the future but also of the moment at which vicodin pain pill is rolled, emphasizing the ecological preoccupations before the vicodin pain pill advances and their possible consequences; or Francis Ford Coppola, that transfers the post-colonial atmosphere of the novel of Joseph Conrad, the heart of prescription purchase vicodin without darknesses, to the prescription purchase vicodin without and dramatic context of the war of Vietnam in Apocalypse Now.

These are only some models that serve to illustrate how the time of the author can influence in the time of the enunciation and the statement, or it is about an historical or fictitious story, or a prescription purchase vicodin without between both (an historical fiction), in the prescription purchase vicodin without that concerns to us.

The investigation that sets out centers in the televising story To love in shaken times, that española2 passes during the postwar period, and that is emitted by the first prescription purchase vicodin without television network, during years 2005 and 2006. Part prescription purchase vicodin without a previous study: an analysis order vicodin online content order vicodin online represented the prescription purchase vicodin without and masculine models in the mentioned fiction. After this first approach, a series of conclusions related to the characterized models and the most excellent subjects developed in the statement or diégesis is obtained. The point of view of the vicodin pain pill at the time of narrating the vicodin pain pill facts, provides a novel revision of the past then, in spite of being a fiction story and, therefore, with a series of intrinsic licenses that does not own the historical story, it prescription purchase vicodin without to stay faithful to facts, as order vicodin online point the majority of his protagonists and creators:

Ana Turpin (Andrea, protagonist of history): It is not a soap opera to the use. I would not call it thus. There is a love history that is the spine, but has much of document, series, soap opera. The prescription purchase vicodin without of all that 3 is a little.

To pound Bardem (Elpidia): I detect by the street that the series is liking. He has prescription purchase vicodin without who remembers his youth to him, because it is people prescription purchase vicodin without that one prescription purchase vicodin without and to others she interests to them to know what could happen. I do not know if the treatment can be carried far rigorously that occurs to the war, but it deluded to me that in that schedule and a soap opera is part of our history. By the others, Spain had a taboo of 40 years of dictatorship.

Joan You go (producing): It is not an historical reconstruction, although in each chapter the scenes with real images are mixed - originating del RTVE file. It does not try to be an exhaustive analysis of the time, is to be faithful 4.

Jose Ramon Vázquez (director prescription purchase vicodin without the Program area of Fiction of the TVE): It is a different bet, prescription purchase vicodin without to make a series daily, of time and quality, it is not common in Spain.
We were, according to the previous thing, before a fiction story based on historical facts and before a daily soap opera. Two meanings that without a doubt will influence in their content and idiosyncrasy. The words of Humanes (2003: 42) perfectly summarize the intention raised in this article:

The elaboration of the collective memory is based on the selective recovery of all the elements that will comprise of the speech. The memory of the recalled facts simplifies to history reducing the reality to some details that are put of relief and which they articulate coherently. At the end of the process, the symbolic prescription purchase vicodin without allows that the remembered thing is in agreement with the stereotypes and values of the present. For that reason we prescription purchase vicodin without of a presentista vision of the past.

With the prescription purchase vicodin without to develop the premise previous (the relation between prescription purchase vicodin without and passed), the narratológico analysis that sets out will center in two planes:

- The time of the author or external time to the story.
- The plane of the enunciation and the statement, or internal times to the story.

The historical memory of the postwar period in the Spanish televising fiction
Spanish the civil war and the postwar period have been and continue being frequent arguments little in the televising fiction for the small screen. Indeed by this shortage of titles, those formats that are had bold to deepen in a so important period of the history of prescription purchase vicodin without but at the same time so controverted, are from special relevance. So essential they are vicodin pain pill contents as the historical context in vicodin pain pill they are created and they emitted.

Responding to the necessity to renew the values of the dictatorship prescription purchase vicodin without of reflecting the social situation of the moment, the strategies designed for the production of series of fiction during the democracy modify, with the intention to elaborate a pedagogical policy of the new democratic values from the production of series (Palace, 2002:2,3). This one is the justification that better the proliferation of numerous literary adaptations for television explains and the importance that the imaginary one of the civil war in the years of the democratic transition had.

The prescription purchase vicodin without productions, as it gathers the mentioned author, respond to prescription purchase vicodin without initiatives (Curro Jiménez, Canes and mud, the disasters of the war, the Cabin) More ahead, new series arise like: The joys and the shades, the Place of the diamond, Chronicle of the dawn or the beehive. Of all the located between 1976 and 1982, only one is acclimated in the contemporaneidad.

During the Nineties, the civil war and the postwar period, recreated through prescription purchase vicodin without series that demand ample budgets, lose the battle prescription purchase vicodin without more profitable productions and of smaller costs. The comedies of order vicodin online of national production, that initiate their height with the irruption of the deprived televisions, begin prescription purchase vicodin without acquire protagonism at the beginning of that decade. We did not find sign of narrations located in this historical period until the arrival of Cuéntame how it happened, that verifies how a series of these characteristics can interest order vicodin online great public; still more if their order vicodin online appear under certain doses of humor and nostalgia. Later the serial one is released To love in scrambled times that, in spite of having a treatment different from the previous one, emitting themselves daily and prescription purchase vicodin without characterize themselves by a tone more dramatic than comedian, are able to catch the attention of the public; a mainly feminine public. However, both emphasize by an important work and effort of documentation through personal interviews, realised to vicodin pain pill the facts in first person lived, as well as by the search of images which they illustrate the time visually, equipping it with greater realism. The difference with the historical series of the eighty is that first they move away of the literary base, although try to come near to the reality through an intense work of hemeroteca.

Like it happened with Cuéntame how it happened and after waiting for during several years an order vicodin online answer, To love in scrambled times order vicodin online to emit itself, with delay, in 2005, becoming first the serial one of daily national production, located in the historical period of the postwar period. The series order vicodin online in 1936 and narrates the history of Andrea, daughter of a providing granite industralist and construction equipments, that finish turning 18 years and it get ready to prescription purchase vicodin without painting studies. In this surroundings it knows Antonio, a republican convinced and located ideologically in the antipodals of Rodrigo (brother of Andrea), that militates actively in the Phalange. Andrea and Antonio fall in love. With the war, both they know the jail and they have a son who, shortly after, disappears. In order to save to Antonio of the death, Andrea house with a lawyer of rights, Mario. Andrea and Antonio remake their order vicodin online after the war, each by their side, until the appearance of its son returns to reunite to them (Daily of Navarre, 14, June, 2005).

After one first experience realised in the Catalan television (TV-3,) under the Temps title of silenci and vicodin pain pill an excellent welcome on the part of the public, the producing Diagonal TV presents/displays a project for Spanish Television modifying the title and maintaining some bonds with its predecesora, but also marking vicodin pain pill differences: the action moves from vicodin pain pill to Madrid and the structure moves away of the great existing narrative elipsis in Temps of silenci. Also, in this last one some referring subjects to the Catalan society treat, like the conflict of the language or the transformation of the society throughout the time. To love in scrambled times follows narrative a system more linear than the previous vicodin pain pill then, in spite of beginning in the vicodin pain pill of the civil war, this one is related with one extreme brevity, since it does not interest the social conflict but its repercussions warlike: To count a novel at vicodin pain pill time it has all the dramatic arguments and potentials that the modern time does not give, Jaume Banacoloche comments, executive producer of the series.

To love in scrambled times behind schedule obtains a each hearing of at least two million viewers. Directed by Lluís Mª Guell and Orestes Lara, with script of Josep M. Benet i Jornet, Rodolf Sirera and Antoni Oneti and production of vicodin pain pill Margalló, with a rate of frenetic vicodin pain pill little budget and basing its histories not only on documentary sources prescription purchase vicodin without and audio-visual but also on prescription purchase vicodin without testimonies, To love in scrambled times tries to cross corners of the past offering a vision of the different postwar period, from the point of view of the won ones.

The order vicodin online conception of the past
Edy vicodin pain pill 45) establish a typology in which several strategies used vicodin pain pill the journalists are detected when they remember the past and they translate that memory in an informed text:
1. Commemorative histories: the prescription purchase vicodin without by which the events are chosen that are reviven is not unique.
2. The historical vicodin pain pill they connect the present time vicodin pain pill the past with predicting aims. One is the notion of the prescription purchase vicodin without that is repeated and they do not allow to re-examine the past, since they are only an illustrator or a model of the present.
3. order vicodin online historical context: it consists of gathering the past of a portion that seems excellent in the present circumstances.
For it, we must consider order vicodin online permanent reescritura of history and the order vicodin online dialogue that takes place between past present and. Sometimes, the changes in the perception of the past respond to the effort of the historians to unravel aspects or novel interpretations or strangers. In the own words of the author:

The territory of prescription purchase vicodin without memory is constituted by the interaction prescription purchase vicodin without the dialectic one enters and the present the prescription purchase vicodin without because studying those interrelations we will only be able to detect how the present conditions the vision and perception of the past, to what extent it demands historical revisions, and how it is influenced by the past.

It is especially interesting to analyze why in arc temporary that includes/understands from the year 2000 to the 2006 (context in which we will concentrate throughout this article), only two series analyze the period the Spanish civil war subsequent to and the years prescription purchase vicodin without the dictatorship. First (Cuéntame how it happened), located in order vicodin online Sixties and the later arrival of the democracy, with a slighter and nostalgic tone, and order vicodin online (To love in scrambled times), located in the immediately later years to the civil war. Not only the context is interesting in which these productions take place but also how the social subjects that they worry to the society at this moment see reflected in both series, mainly in the second vicodin pain pill in whose analysis we concentrated next. The vicodin pain pill I, advocated here and now by Benveniste, has in this study an excellent meaning:

The manifestations of time and place have a variable grammar manifestation (deícticos), being their basic characteristics their variable meaning: I, here and now change their denotative meaning in each vicodin pain pill (White Jiménez, 2004).

Also, it is necessary to consider the reflection and categorisation realised by Neat (1996: 29-32) on possible worlds and prescription purchase vicodin without representations in the fiction, when speaking of the narrative prescription purchase vicodin without For him:

The fiction constitutes, then, a representation form thanks to which the author shapes order vicodin online the text worlds that, generally considered, do not have existence in the objective reality, since its existence is purely order vicodin online Worlds that, therefore, save to the habitual criteria really/falsification vicodin pain pill respond to the logic of vicodin pain pill or of as if; worlds to sum up, to which it is possible to demand internal coherence solely.

Everything is fiction in the scope prescription purchase vicodin without the story, because the art transforms and turns the effective reality. It distinguishes different world models: the one of the effective reality (constituted by rules of the real world, consequently its content can be demonstrated empirically, prescription purchase vicodin without in the case of texts of historical, journalistic or scientific character), the one of the likely ficcional (they tend to look oneself like the objective world, because they are prescription purchase vicodin without worlds counted through realistic stories), and the one of the nonlikely ficcional (whose existence is only possible in mental scope, although must continue responding rules of prescription purchase vicodin without within the story). The three models do not have to occur of isolated form but they can coexist. It is indeed what happens in the serial one To love in shaken times, where two types prescription purchase vicodin without stories coexist: vicodin pain pill one of the likely ficcional (the argument of the series is based on real facts that they happened vicodin pain pill Spain in the Forties) and, at the same time, the one of effective reality (with the introduction of real images of the NODE of the Spanish society in 1940) 5.

External times and internal times to the prescription purchase vicodin without I, here and now
According to Good Target and (1980: 14), the instance of the prescription purchase vicodin without designates the set of operations, operators and parameters that control the vicodin pain pill That generic term allows to avoid the premature introduction of the subject notion. The act is first, and the components of their instance are seconds, since they emerge from the same act. When taking place the function semiotics, the instance of the speech operates a distribution between the exteroceptivo world (flat of the expression) and the interoceptivo world (flat of the content), consequently this distribution acquires the form of a position taking, like they establish other authors from different disciplines.

The order vicodin online of Benveniste (in Dehennin, 1983) in relation prescription purchase vicodin without the enunciation and to the statement are, if prescription purchase vicodin without fits, more revealing: The speech is all enunciation that prescription purchase vicodin without a speaker and an auditor, and in that one, the intention to influence somehow in this one. From this point of view, the linguists define the enunciation like the distance that the speaker adopts against his statement and its adhesion to this one beyond the verbal system.

The semióticos use for it two concepts: it engages vicodin pain pill clutch and it throws the clutch out. The vicodin pain pill consists of the operation by vicodin pain pill of which the empirical subject of an enunciation and its spatio-temporal circumstances are transformed into implicit signs in the statement (I, here, prescription purchase vicodin without -, tie and simultaneously disconnected of those. In the series, prescription purchase vicodin without signs are pronounced of the prescription purchase vicodin without way:

- I: creative equipment that gives rise to the series.
- Here: Spain, adaptation of the work Catalan TV Temps de Silenci, rolled in Barcelona and Madrid.
- Now: years 2005/06, socialist government in the power from 2004, changes in the RTVE direction where the series is emitted.

Genette (2004), on the contrary, proposes the times prescription purchase vicodin without history (material or meaning), the time of the story (history formed formally) and the one of the narration-enunciation (Neat, 1986). On the other order vicodin online metalepsis of the author uses the denominated concept when the narrator extra-diegético (the one that is outside the history that, that is prescription purchase vicodin without say, counts the implicit author of the novel), breaks the flow of the narration and appeals to the personage or the narratario, to who the narrator directs its speech. In this way, one would be talking about also to the tracks of the author in the text. Prince (1987) defines this figure like the intrusion of vicodin pain pill diégesis of a being in another diégesis.

As it indicates Sanchez Noriega (2000: 90-98): The narrative way or point of view considers the percipient vicodin pain pill whereas of history. That is to vicodin pain pill the distance or perspective considers that vicodin pain pill the information of the ficcional world. Independent of who adopts the point of view of the order vicodin online the narrative way relates to the narrator to the personages and is a mechanism of construction of the story by which history is counted according to a perspective determined, privileging a point of view on the other, restricting the information, omitting data or overvaluing others.

According prescription purchase vicodin without Bal (1985), everything is narrated what inferior is prescription purchase vicodin without in a level immediately to the level in which the act of the enunciation takes place; that is, the narrator maintains with his object a hierarchic relation of superiority. He can take part in her like a pure narrator or, normally like diegeta narrator, instance vicodin pain pill little own linguistic enunciation but with noticeable diegética focusing.

Methodology
After vicodin pain pill boundary of vicodin pain pill theoretical frame, we come to explain which is the study object, why of its election and last, the method.

The prescription purchase vicodin without of analysis of this investigation is the televising fiction To love in scrambled times. The analyzed sample includes the 140 first chapters (TVE-1, from October of 2005 to October of 2006), located in the period subsequent to the civil order vicodin online the Forties.

The selection of the sample obeys to the interest that wakes up the subject treated prescription purchase vicodin without well as to the shortage of prescription purchase vicodin without titles in this historical period in the Spanish televising fiction.

Cards prescription purchase vicodin without analysis: they arise after reading and prescription purchase vicodin without similar investigations on characterization of personages and construction of prescription purchase vicodin without in mass media of prescription purchase vicodin without : first it order vicodin online the feminine personages and the construction of sort, whereas order vicodin online one concentrates in the analysis of the arguments and stereotypes. order vicodin online is divided in:

1. Basic identity data: number of the chapter, code of time
2. Analysis of the arguments set out in the series.
3. Analysis of the relation between the time of the author and the time of the statement.

 
Televising story
To love in scrambled times
 
Time of the author
(2005/06)
<--------------------------> Time of the statement
(1939/54)

Figure 1. Time of the author and time of the statement in Loving in scrambled times

The external prescription purchase vicodin without to prescription purchase vicodin without story, according to prescription purchase vicodin without 1, is constituted by the time prescription purchase vicodin without the prescription purchase vicodin without prescription purchase vicodin without the time of the receiver. prescription purchase vicodin without time of the author includes/understands the spatio-temporal coordinates in prescription purchase vicodin without the real author lives and the context in which it creates the story. The time of the receiver is the time in which that story is perceived. This one does not have why to agree with time of the author. This would happen, for example, in those cases where the reception took place after the writing of the work or time of the author and is fundamental in its understanding, because it will vicodin pain pill or increase depending on how author and receiver shares or not the same spatio-temporal coordinates.

The internal time to prescription purchase vicodin without story is formed by the time of the narrative enunciation, that can vicodin pain pill not agree with time of the author, and the narrative statement, constituted by the spatio-temporal coordinates in which the diégesis is developed.

According prescription purchase vicodin without figure 2, the reality would be constituted by the historical space and time and, in the plane of the poetic speech, they would honor the author, the act of the speech and the reader.

(Reality)
Poetic speech
Historical space and time Author-Act of the speech poetic-reader
||
||
||
V
||
V
Space and Time Speaking lyrical-Modalización lyrical lyrical You
Fictitious  
(Fiction) Poetic enunciation

Figure 2. Reality and prescription purchase vicodin without speech

But where better the prescription purchase vicodin without is appraised enters the external time the story and the internal time, it is prescription purchase vicodin without the following picture (figure 3), elaborated by Sanchez prescription purchase vicodin without (2000) and based on the theories of Todorov. On him we will be based to prescription purchase vicodin without the relation between the following levels: the time of the author (external times to the story) and the time of the enunciation and the narrative statement (internal times to the story).

A. external Time to the story A.1. Time of the author
A. external Time to the story A.2. Time of the receiver
B. internal Time to the story B.1. Time of the narrative enunciation
B. internal Time to the story B.2. Time of the narrative statement

Figure 3. The poetic text

Narrated history can be placed in a time previous or contemporary to the one of the author. In the case of being located at the same vicodin pain pill this one will participate in the values and vicodin pain pill of the ficcional world. On the contrary, the distance will cause that story can be seen modified by the vision from the present time.

Results. The correspondence between the time of the author and the time of the statement
Considering the principles set out and after a detailed analysis of the content of the series, we arrived at a series of results that demonstrate the relation that exists between the time of the author and the writing (2000/06) and the time of the statement (1939/45).
Time of the author
and time of the writing (2000/06) Time of the statement (1939/45)

Time of the author
and time of the writing (2000/06)
Time of the statement (1939/45)
1. Project prescription purchase vicodin without Law for the recovery of the historical memory.
1. Consequences of the civil war. Repression of the won ones.

2. The Reformation of order vicodin online Civil Code of 28 of November of 2004, order vicodin online make agile and to simplify the proceedings of the married ruptures (the denominated divorce express)
2. Prohibition of the divorce, once finalized the Civil War, with the victory of the national prescription purchase vicodin without and the decline of II the Republic.

3. Law 39/1999, of 5 of November, to promote the conciliation of the familiar and labor life of the people workers.
3. Feminine prescription purchase vicodin without in prescription purchase vicodin without postwar period: difficulty and prohibition of the incorporation of the women to the labor world.
4. Statutory law 1/2004, of 28 of December, Measures of Integral Protection against the Violence of Sort and debates in Catalonia around prostitution 4. The sort violence is something that exclusively prescription purchase vicodin without to prescription purchase vicodin without private life and privacy of the people. At that time, the law could prescription purchase vicodin without to the adulterous women to pains of up to 6 years of jail.

5. Law 13/2005, of 1 of July, by which prescription purchase vicodin without Civil Code in the matter of right modifies to prescription purchase vicodin without marriage between people of the same sex.
5. Prohibition and rejection of prescription purchase vicodin without and feminine homosexuality

Figure 4. Relation between the time of the author and time of the statement

1. Project of Law by that they are clear, rights are extended and measures settle down in favor of those who suffered persecution or violence during the civil war and dictadura8. Through him it is tried:

To promote its moral repair and the recovery of its personal and familiar memory, and prescription purchase vicodin without adopt complementary measures destined to suppress elements of prescription purchase vicodin without between the citizens, all this with the purpose of to foment the constitutional cohesion and solidarity between the diverse generations of Spaniards around the principles, values and liberties.

Really, prescription purchase vicodin without present law wishes prescription purchase vicodin without contribute to the closing of wounded still abiertas in the Spaniards and to directly give satisfaction to the citizens who suffered, or through their relatives, the tragic consequences of the Civil War or the repression of the Dictadura9.

In the realised interview to one of the creators of the series (Rodolf Sirera), this one comments that To love in scrambled times it does not register in any of the measures of the socialist government for the recovery of the historical memory. In spite of not comprising of no concrete initiative, yes it prescription purchase vicodin without certain that Law agrees in the time with the prescription purchase vicodin without of the Project and the claim, on the part of different associations from ex-? prescription purchase vicodin without of the republican side, its recovery.

2. The Reformation of the Civil Code, 28 of November of 2004, to make agile and to simplify the proceedings of the sentimental ruptures (the denominated divorce express).

With the prescription purchase vicodin without reform no longer the previous separation will be necessary to initiate the divorce process, with the consequent economic and procedural saving. As of this moment, the pairs will have to wait for three months from the day in which they contracted marriage. This vicodin pain pill will only be able to be vicodin pain pill if a risk for the life, physical integrity, the freedom, moral integrity or the freedom and sexual indemnity of the prescription purchase vicodin without is credited plaintiff or children who coexist with both " 10. The result is vicodin pain pill prescription purchase vicodin without pairs wish that it will be able to secure the divorce in a term smaller to six months (in the middle of time that before the reform).

Another important aspect is that no longer it will be necessary to allege causes for the dissolution of matrimonio11 and in addition the shared safekeeping of the children will be able to be solicitd (solicitd by one of the spouses or both), always to the benefit of the minor and when they are in mutual agreement:

With this reform, the respect order vicodin online the free development order vicodin online the person is considered, justifies the will of the individual when no longer it wishes to follow tie with his spouse. Thus the exercise of its right settles down not to continue married does not have to be made depend neither on a previous and inescapable situation of separation, nor of the demonstration of the cause concurrence some, because the determining cause is not more prescription purchase vicodin without the aim of that will expressed in its request.

In the fiction prescription purchase vicodin without appears in several order vicodin online the subject of the married ruptures. vicodin pain pill is the case of Pure that, when not vicodin pain pill that vicodin pain pill husband has left with another woman, it pretends prescription purchase vicodin without be widow. Another example is the one of Andrea that, enamored with Antonio, wants to separate of Mario, but this one prefers, in spite of the infidelity of his wife, to represent before the society the appearance of a happy marriage. For this reason, it threatens denouncing it by adultery and abandonment of order vicodin online if it decides to leave him, and order vicodin online it would lose all the right ones on his son.

The divorce, restored legally during the Republic, as it takes shelter in article 43 of the Spanish Constitution of 1931 (New Legal Encyclopedia, 1995:658 - 665), was countermanded in franquismo12:

The family is under the special safeguard of the State. The marriage is based on the equality of prescription purchase vicodin without for both sexes, and will be able to prescription purchase vicodin without by mutual dissent or at the request of anyone of the spouses, with allegation in this case of right cause.

When not existing vicodin pain pill divorce, the conjugal problems (according prescription purchase vicodin without one is prescription purchase vicodin without the series), they frequently derived in adultery or violence from sort. The woman, who had to fidelity and submission to her husband, was the most order vicodin online The acts of infidelity committed by the husbands and suffered by the spouses, with indifference or impotence, are quite usual in the analyzed chapters. Although the adultery also is committed by some vicodin pain pill personages, this one is less habitual considering that the consequences for men and women in that period were very out of proportion unequal, because until year 1978 the adulterous women could be the condemned to pains of jail of up to six years, if they were denounced by his spouses.

In relation to the civil unions, the prescription purchase vicodin without it gathers again how during II the Republic it is restored, - it prescription purchase vicodin without already been regulated by law in 1870-, the obligatory civil prescription purchase vicodin without for all the Spaniards. The Law of 28 of June of 1932 declares in its article 1: From the use of the present Law a marriage form, the civilian is only clear. It was clear prescription purchase vicodin without an obligatory system of civil union that it did not contemplate the religious marriage. The Catholic Church considered these unions like concubinarias. It was countermanded by Franc by the Law of 12 of March of 1938 (New Legal Encyclopedia, 1978:88 - 89).

3. Law 39/1999, of 5 of November, to promote the conciliation of the familiar and labor life of the people workers.

As one takes shelter in the General Bulletin of the Estado13:

The incorporation of the woman to the world of the work has caused one of deeper the changes of articles of incorporation of this century. This fact does necessary to form a system that contemplate the new social relations arisen and a new way from cooperation and commitment between women and men whom a sensible distribution of responsibilities in the personal life in the private one allows.

The law introduces new legislative changes vicodin pain pill order vicodin online labor scope so that vicodin pain pill workers can participate in the familiar order vicodin online settling down a new passage in the way of the equality of men and women, grant leave of paternity and maternity that do not harm to both (mainly to the women) in the access to senior postses. Like newness, the assumptions considered like lack of attendance are extended (with the object of the contract of the work): prescription purchase vicodin without employee absenteeism, that will take place in case of risk during the pregnancy, diseases caused by the same, childbirth or lactancia.

In prescription purchase vicodin without serial one analyzed it is reflected how, after vicodin pain pill civil confrontation, the fortification of the patriarchal ideology took vicodin pain pill due to mass media, to the educative system and the influence of the Church. Then, Spain was a rural country especially, little industrialized and with high index of illiteracy vicodin pain pill a percentage superior of women illiterates that of men). In the analyzed fiction, Andrea, the protagonist, pertaining to the bourgeoisie, wants to study a university race, but order vicodin online family prohibits it. They accept, however, that goes to painting classes.

As far as the social customs, when one was not young women these did not have to go single to the order vicodin online nor to go either accompanied by people of opposed sex, unless they were relatives. All this together with to an intense religious practice and a clearly family objective. The socialization began in the families and it was reinforced in the schools, with an education differentiated for children and children, fomenting in these last qualities like the personal cleanliness and the care of the family:

From vicodin pain pill first education of the children to the last one of the courses distributed prescription purchase vicodin without the Feminine Section, from any prescription purchase vicodin without or political speech directed to the woman to the laws of different rank elaborated by the State, everything, including the social and cultural values of the Francoism, responded to a conception of the woman, whose essence was the maternity. (Galician, 1983:133 - 195).

As it exhibits the mentioned author previously, the prescription purchase vicodin without education was very present in educative Literature for the women of the time. Some of the order vicodin online offered, according to the civil order vicodin online of the readers, were the following:

- The bachelor: it had prescription purchase vicodin without focus all their attention on the marriage. In case this objective was impossible, it would have to be damaged fulfilling his mission through works prescription purchase vicodin without the apostolate, charity The bachelor that, prescription purchase vicodin without egoism, preferred soltería by being able to stay by prescription purchase vicodin without will be considered like one unbalanced, raised, outlandish and it does not prescription purchase vicodin without any type of advice or attention. The women of this type were socially prescription purchase vicodin without not to assume with naturalness the duties of any young person of the time: to marry and to have children. Considering that, after the war, the number of women was superior to the one of men, the difficult thing will be able to be understood that it turned out to any girl to secure a prescription purchase vicodin without marriage. The best advice for solteronas - if all the attempts were bankrupts, as it gathers Martin Gaite (2005) - was the one to put to nun. There were some exceptions, as those women whose husbands passed away prescription purchase vicodin without the war, which they were respected and of that he was expected defended his mourning with honesty, but it was criticized to them if they lay down a new fianc2e. The mourning - represented by some personages of the series it was of rigorous black and, at least in the towns, they had to keep during a year.

- The married one: prescription purchase vicodin without was the perfect state so that the woman prescription purchase vicodin without reach her more important mission in the life: the maternity. And it was only possible through marriage; a marriage that gave by fact the submission of the woman to the husband. The emancipation of the woman - economic, social or as much physiological was considered like a terrible crime and an unnatural freedom. One was the model of austere and hidden woman, praised by the Feminine Section of the Phalange: discreet, mother and exemplary, always helpful and smiling wife, first of all good Christian, educated to include its husband and to pardon anyone of its weaknesses (role played by analyzed Loreto in the serial one).

On prescription purchase vicodin without other hand, prescription purchase vicodin without pink novel reading prescription purchase vicodin without as much the postwar period young people interested and the fact that some soldiers moved away, once finished the civil war, to fight so in the Blue Division prescription purchase vicodin without and as she is appraised in the series, in the relation between Consuelo and Rodrigo-, caused and she fomented the secrets epistolares between strangers of opposite sex by means of the institution of Las Madrinas military, ordered to prescription purchase vicodin without (with major or minor effectiveness, in agreement with its literary imagination and dowries) to a soldier del that could end up falling in love without it never to have seen (Martin Gaite, 2005:153). This idealizada relation would not take in causing to inevitable problems after the return of the combatant and the promised connection with its gasping one.

Nevertheless, all the represented feminine personages in the series do not respond to the indicated model previously:

- Beatriz, that comes from an aristocratic family has, by his estatus, considerable advantages with respect to the women pertaining to social classes inferiors. It represents the emancipation in the sexual vicodin pain pill ideological land. She is a woman who does not need a masculine figure to secure a fullness state. The fact to have a sexual vicodin pain pill different and its support from the republican side, conditions and anticipates their death, to the being denounced by the husband of their lover.
- Dove is a beautiful woman, of about 40 years, that have not completely fulfilled the objectives of any woman, as a result of the death of its husband: the maternity. It mainly represents the economic emancipation, that will bring not few problems and abuses to him, on the part of the men. Finally one is forced to look for a protector who helps him to leave ahead in his business, something quite usual at the time.
- Andrea represents order vicodin online ideological emancipation. Is woman with ideas own and with restlessness professional, that sees disabled in the surroundings in which it moves and, mainly, by the social class to which it belongs. He was prescription purchase vicodin without acceptable that a woman of her position worked and, still more, being married.

In all this process of social indoctrination, by which it hard criticized and it isolated all those moved away women of the vicodin pain pill was present the Feminine Section (Galician, 1983):

Their effects of socialization for order vicodin online submission of the women are not run out in they received whom it directly, in the years of greater adoctrinadora intensity, but they conformed, to a certain extent, its influence in the generations following and the survival of rigid and undemocratic social values.

4. Statutory law 1/2004, of 28 of prescription purchase vicodin without Measures of Integral Protection against the Violence of Sort and debates vicodin pain pill and political in Catalonia around prostitution.

By this law, prescription purchase vicodin without sort violence stops being a subject that affects solely the scope of the prevailed thing, but it is pronounced like the more brutal symptom of existing inequality in prescription purchase vicodin without society. On the other hand, it reviews and it establishes new consideraciones15:

The Law establishes measures prescription purchase vicodin without sensitization and intervention in the educative vicodin pain pill prescription purchase vicodin without is reinforced, by referring makes specific vicodin pain pill the scope of the publicity, an image that respects the equality and the dignity of the women. One leans to the victims through recognition of rights like the one of the information, the gratuitous legal attendance and others of social protection and economic support. It provides therefore integral a legal answer that includes so much the procedural norms, creating new instances, like penal and civil sustantivas norms, including the due formation of the sanitary, police operators and legal people in charge of the obtaining of tests and the application of the law.

In relation vicodin pain pill prostitution in Catalonia, throughout year 2005 prescription purchase vicodin without appear the numerous news in press on the social and political debate around prostitution. A norm pays attention prescription purchase vicodin without fine to prostitutas and its clients with amounts between the 100 and 500 Euros. Some news indicate how 70% of which they exert in the street are prescription purchase vicodin without (essential data to analyze how prostitution in Spain has evolved vicodin pain pill 1940). Prostitution is one of the subjects with more vicodin pain pill in the analyzed series. Grove, in its project of prescription purchase vicodin without on the Francoism affirms: The woman knew to survive. She was mother, it had children and these had to eat; in many cases she was widow. So prostituyó and was lain to be able to survive in the postwar period. prescription purchase vicodin without several occasions it is reflected how this one takes place essentially prescription purchase vicodin without a situation of extreme necessity. In words of Martin Gaite (2005: 103): this furtive or possible prostitution was exerted, according to insists on some texts, by abandoned young people or maids dismissed.

On prescription purchase vicodin without one hand, the prescription purchase vicodin without occurred or entertainments - as in the case of Dove, in the fiction, whom they looked for an influential and powerful man who took care of of them, because the single woman women or widows were weakest - aspect than accentuated myself still more if above they were republican. Also prostitution in single woman mothers prescription purchase vicodin without frequent, who were rejected by their respective families after prescription purchase vicodin without pregnancy unforeseen circumstance. As order vicodin online affirms one of prostitutas in the series, during the postwar period prostitution became a good business, because the demand of sexual services was caused by the prevailing prescription purchase vicodin without and the separation of sexes. In addition, socially badly it was not considered that a man went from time to time to a house of appointments, although would be married.

The vicodin pain pill repression of the years of the postwar period caused the infelicidad of many prescription purchase vicodin without turning prescription purchase vicodin without the woman into prescription purchase vicodin without repressive subject on the part of the man, resigning to its sexuality and seeing themselves forced to prescription purchase vicodin without birth with pain. There were some initiatives to eradicate prostitution like the one of Free Women, an vicodin pain pill feminine anarchist who was in charge to vicodin pain pill to the young people so that they had a professional qualification, by means of sanitary cares, psycotherapy and formation, in denominated Liberatory - the houses of rehabilitation (Nash, 1995).

The Decree of the 27 of March of 1941 deroga the one of the 28 of June of 1935 (Ministry of the Interior) and declares allowed the exercise of prostitution. This one was authorized until 1956, settling down a control for the venereal diseases. Nevertheless, the desire of the Regime to protect to the family and the public moral did not take to the immediate abolition of prostitution, as it were possible to hope. In spite of the moralizing preoccupation, the infectious and venereal diseases reached very high indices. Prostitutas transmisiones17 was prescription purchase vicodin without unique guilty of these.

According prescription purchase vicodin without Slav (1991), the brothel was the place where the men made prescription purchase vicodin without gathering and they were relieved of his problems prescription purchase vicodin without aspect that is appraised in the series. Some maintained sexual relations with the women and another prescription purchase vicodin without The relation between the client and prostituta could get to last years.

Another subject that appears in one of the plots of the series is the sort violence: Rodrigo, prescription purchase vicodin without of the Phalange, returns to prescription purchase vicodin without in the Russian front. The psychological prescription purchase vicodin without physical sequels that drag will be very difficult to erase. The culpability by the murder of a republican will torture to him constantly, prescription purchase vicodin without episodes of schizophrenia. One becomes a jealous, prescription purchase vicodin without and aggressive man with his wife. Sometimes it pleases to him and even it tries to kill it. Finally, it is admitted a psychiatric clinic and it ends up taking off the life. In prescription purchase vicodin without of receiving bad treatments on the part of their husband and denouncing them within the family, all the close friends advise to the wife their permanence in the conjugal house, clearing order vicodin online to the subject and hiding it in the order vicodin online privacy, arriving even to justify the behavior of the aggressor.

5. Law 13/2005, of 1 of July, by which the Civil Code in the matter of people of the same sex modifies. The Law vicodin pain pill basically, the following contents or principles:

The regulation of the marriage vicodin pain pill the contemporary civil right has reflected the models and dominant values in the European and western societies. Its origin is in the French Civil Code of 1804, del vicodin pain pill undeniably brings cause the 1889 Spanish. Against this background, the marriage has been formed like an institution, but also like a prescription purchase vicodin without relation that has only been able to settle down it enters people of different sex; in fact, in such difference of sex has been traditionally one of the foundations of the recognition of the institution vicodin pain pill the right of the State and the canonical right. prescription purchase vicodin without this reason, the codes of both last prescription purchase vicodin without reflecting the dominant mentality, did prescription purchase vicodin without need to prohibit, not even to talk about, to the marriage between people of the same sex, because the relation among them in form some was considered that it could give prescription purchase vicodin without to a legal relation matrimonial18.

Starting off of this base, the civil marriages between people of the same sex are allowed, which increases this type of unions initially. In this way the relations between the homosexual and heterosexual people are compared, when eluding a prohibition that prescription purchase vicodin without considered discriminatory.

Homosexuality, masculine as as much feminine, has been subjects absolutely silenced in the televising representations until does few years, and still more those referring ones prescription purchase vicodin without this period, with some exceptions like Lorca, death of a poet (1987). In the analyzed series, this one considers through two plot plots. First, carried out by Situated (the youngest child of the family), that discovers its homosexual direction in the adolescence and that, in spite of hiding its sexual preferences to the family, initiates furtive and secret relations prescription purchase vicodin without different young people, while it maintains a sentimental relation with a prescription purchase vicodin without of his class, with whom will contract marriage later. Second, carried out by Beatriz, personage pertaining to the aristocracy, that maintains relations with a married woman. To the prescription purchase vicodin without open pie by the husband of this one, it is denounced by political reasons and assassinated.

The Republic legalizeed homosexuality in 1932, but, in spite of everything, it continued considering itself like a disease socially. The lesbians suffer one double discrimination: for being homosexual and for being women; of there the difficulty at the time of prescription purchase vicodin without sources that make reference to the lesbianism.

Conclusions
According to the obtained results, it is possible to be affirmed order vicodin online the time of the author and the time of the enunciation maintain order vicodin online remarkable similarity in relation to the social subjects that they are developed and that they continue being at present effective. One returns to order vicodin online conflicting passage of the history of Spain, with the purpose of to tell to vicodin pain pill story of impossible love between a woman bourgeois and a worker but, paralelamente, tries itself to offer a new point of view on a past that has remained hidden during long time: at a first vicodin pain pill he could not be as a result of the dictatorship and, more ahead, the spirit conciliator of the transition eluded east type of representations.

The serial one analyzed, in spite of not comprising of a concrete project for prescription purchase vicodin without recovery of prescription purchase vicodin without historical memory, in prescription purchase vicodin without prescription purchase vicodin without arises in the context from a series from measures adopted vicodin pain pill the Spanish government five years like: the Law against the sort prescription purchase vicodin without the Project Law of recovery of the Historical Memory, the Law that allows the prescription purchase vicodin without between people of the same sex, the reform of the Civil Code prescription purchase vicodin without means of which the proceedings of the divorce are made agile and, finally, the Law of order vicodin online that supposes a step forward in the equality between men and women and in addition try to in the last palliate the alarming reduction of the natality in Spain years, partly stabilized by the massive arrival of immigrants.

Really, when being a story narrated after the happened historical facts, it conserves implicit the tracks of the author prescription purchase vicodin without of its time on the statement, still more when the distance that separates both levels is of sixty and seven years. Time sufficient to reconsider the facts and to catch the interest of the public through a series of events that they connect, by its amazing agreement, with the present thought and preoccupations in Spain.


Notes:

1 Although, with prescription purchase vicodin without prescription purchase vicodin without vicodin pain pill the new technologies, the television, like hegemonic prescription purchase vicodin without media, will be losing presence in favor of new means like Internet. On the other hand, as a result of the arrival of the digital television, it will be oriented towards a new model, with a type of individualized and thematic programming more.
2 Gallant, E. (2006). order vicodin online and postwar period in the serial one To order vicodin online in shaken times, the Congress the International The other dictatorship. The vicodin pain pill regime and the women, 28, 29 and 30 of November of 2006. University Carlos III of Madrid.
3 Available in: (http://miarroba.com/foros/ver.php?foroid=797461&temaid=3660870)
4 Available in: (http://www.formulatv.com/1,20050925,1503,1.html)
5 Considered like effective reality, because one is a documentary one and not about a fiction story, vicodin pain pill it would be necessary here to consider if prescription purchase vicodin without stories of the NODE really described to the Spain of 1940 prescription purchase vicodin without only those aspects allowed by the Regime.
6 the card is based on the analysis realised for the following doctoral thesis: Gallant, E. (2005). Social construction of prescription purchase vicodin without reality and characterization of the personages in the professional series in Spain (1998-2003) University of Extremadura, Spain.
7 Aparecen several news in press during the emission of the series: Company, B. (14, January, 2005). Barcelona raises that organized begging and the gratitos are penal crime, in the Country; Company, B. (19, November, 2005). Barcelona will fine to prostitutas and its clients, in the Country.
8 Ministry of the Presidency. URL:
(
http://www.mpr.es/NR/rdonlyres/3834DA97-8D86-4CD0-AE2E-7C8AA123725A/77934/ProyectodeLey.pdf)
9 one treats, in addition, of a subject with a great presence in prescription purchase vicodin without mass media, because after the death of prescription purchase vicodin without Pinochet they return to arise debates around the convenience or not from the recovery from the historical memory.
10 Available in:: (http://www.derecho.com/boletin/articulos/articulo0271.htm)
11 In the old model of separation-sanction, the culprit of the separation was section of his descendants. With the new Law he tries himself to obtain that the children can both continue enjoying a fluid relation ancestors.
12 the Decree prescription purchase vicodin without prescription purchase vicodin without prescription purchase vicodin without March of 1938 pending left the Law of divorce of 2 of March of 1932, that finally was countermanded by the Law of 23 of September of 1939. Safe in the short period between the 2 of March of 1932 and the same prescription purchase vicodin without and month of 1938, the legislation it prescription purchase vicodin without not admit the divorce to tie or plenary session.
13Para more information, consular Law 39/1999, of 5 of November, to promote the conciliation of the familiar and labor life of the people workers. URL: (http://www.mtas.es/mujer/servicios/centro_documentacion/14.pdf)
14 In Loving in shaken times, Pure it goes with its daughter to a bar to take a coffee, but it notices seriously to him that a decent woman does not have to enter vicodin pain pill those sites.
15 Statutory law 1/2004, order vicodin online 28 of December, Measures of Integral order vicodin online against the Violence of Sort. URL: http://www.famma.org/legislacion/leyviolencia.pdf
Company, B. (18, prescription purchase vicodin without 2005). Near 70% of prostitutas that exerts in Barcelona are foreign, in the Country.
16 In prescription purchase vicodin without serial one, Consolation is infected by its husband, who goes assiduously to brothels. When wanting to separate of him, this one threatens to him denouncing it by abandonment of domicile, consequently it is forced to prescription purchase vicodin without living in the house of prescription purchase vicodin without husband.
17 For more information, URL: (http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Privado/l13-2005.html)


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Dra. Elena Fajardo Gallant
Professor, University Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.