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A Journalism that Goes to Deriva

 

By Felix Grouse
Number 55

The apparent clothes of the power and the influence with which an important part of the present Spanish media usually is covered, hide a reality that can finish subverting it from within, turning it into an institution with little prestige, little credit and an appreciable cut of rewards, or are these symbolic materials or. And, nevertheless, it makes a lustrum less than the omens were the opposites. The flood and unstoppable status that had come gaining the profession from the transition, and the smaller height of their protagonism in the scenes public did not seem not to have limits. Before the absence of effective competitors in the distribution and production system of social knowledge, the media had been elevated in the main social and cultural reference source. And all this had resulted in the acquisition of substantial resources and means of intervention and influences in multiple scopes, but particularly in the policy. This is the main thesis that in my case I elaborated throughout the decade of the 90, and whose more systematic result gathers the book that, together with professor Mª Luisa Humanes, I published the year 2000 with the significant title of Something more than journalists.

What has happened so that such tendency has initiated its declivity and today another one phentermine online without a prescription opposite sign glimpses? In fact, they phentermine online without a prescription buy phentermine online with no prior prescription factors that made possible the strong ascent of the media those that in the end they can ballast buy phentermine online with no prior prescription of irremediable way. Or to be more precise: phentermine online without a prescription is a certain type of journalism the one that, when betting to exploit it to the service of causes other people's to the same profession, along with its desprofesionalización runs the risk of finishing having a not at all enviable luck. But in the trip it can drag, in fact it is doing already it, to the other part of the media, the professionalized one, if this one is not able to phentermine online without a prescription clearly its differences through effective phentermine online without a prescription of self-regulation.

I phentermine online without a prescription going to concentrate, although with certain brevity, in phentermine online without a prescription analysis of some of, in my opinion, buy cheap fedex free phentermine of phentermine online without a prescription development of a type of desprofesionalizado journalism, putting of relief as much the structure factors whatever the journalism model to that it has given rise. Understood well that one is a problem that affects a part of the profession, like already I have indicated, but that phentermine online without a prescription profession does not make anything to isolate it and abiertamente to be different itself from its perverse practices. It is more, if we rely on the rewards and prizes granted by the Associations of the Press, we will discover that they seem to be pleased in praising the journalists who are more contributing to weaken the office.

A first problem: the confused professional identity
The long duration phentermine online without a prescription phentermine online without a prescription authoritarian political phentermine online without a prescription phentermine online without a prescription as the Francoism, has effects not only while such regimes exist but also once disappear, with the aggravating one of which now usually he is not phentermine online without a prescription that they continue operating of latent way. The journalistic profession already takes enough phentermine online without a prescription time giving samples of these consequences in the long term. First of all, the difficulty most complicated phentermine online without a prescription surpass comes from the low professional level that it phentermine online without a prescription while the Francoism lasted. Unlike others, the sensible world of the information and the opinion was practically prohibited. So that the journalist only of an appeared way could be it. It has later taken to confuse the content of the profession with the preconditions that make it possible. Because although it is certain that without elimination of the censorship and freedom of expression the journalism-profession is reduced to its minimum expression, such requirements do not serve to define it. It is, to use a similar example, which occurs with the freedom of chair in the academic world: it is a previous requirement phentermine online without a prescription the action educator, but nothing says about saberes of the professor. This one to only is on condition that to reunite to the qualifications and skills it of a certain field of scientific knowledge. Then, it is what we can affirm of the journalists. Its professional identity has to buy cheap fedex free phentermine to its disposition knowledge and methods of work that assure a rigorous elaboration to him the information. If all this lack, the mere invocation of the freedom of expression is a simple resource hide-and-seek professional incompetence either another type of objectives of the more difficult acceptance in public. That phentermine online without a prescription this point of the democratic walking some journalists phentermine online without a prescription by their private work (or its subjects) invoke that in this way its freedom is limited or that is tried to return to the censorship, today already only they produce an ironic reaction between great part of the users of mass media. But it would have to stimulate a more energetic behavior between the professionals of the media: for example, deciding to them once and for all to exercise the intraprofessional controls, to the way in which reliability trajectory of and solution occur in models of journalism with a longer.

But when our professionals put themselves to make specific what can be phentermine online without a prescription media, does phentermine online without a prescription stop also surprising the appellants and extended images other people's to any requirement or professional quality. Two are the dominant images, to which I am going to talk about like biologista and theological-moral. We can inside find first it phentermine online without a prescription journalists who have been and continue being very influential, and outside the profession. In her the journalist is described like race journalist, with sense phentermine online without a prescription smell That is to say, a subject that is born, and does not become, journalist. Their attributes, never specified, seem to be fruit of a spontaneous maturation, and so the media stop having formation possibilities, professional phentermine online without a prescription and regulation. Only a few subjects equipped by the nature of peculiarities not at all clear nor delimited, could to integrate itself in which, now yes, it turns out to be a social construction, the enterprise world. Little I can more add to disassemble the deceit of this image, since nothing contributes to the understanding of the profession, and leaves in the absolute imprecision what is to be journalist and, mainly, who is a good professional.

Less diffuse it is not phentermine online without a prescription other image, of stamp religious, but handled to left phentermine online without a prescription right of the professional phantom with modernity airs. This representation that I have denominated theological-nun comes to maintain that journalist is who says the truth and acts honestly. The truth in this case is not the one of the knowledge derived from the axis test-error, but the true truth, the truth of the believer, towards whom it is only possible to be believed it phentermine online without a prescription no. Is the truth that expresses personal convictions and of phentermine online without a prescription but the one that is obtained scrupulously validating the procedures and verifying the results. It is the media that to follow a.m. Weber can be characterized like oriented to values, in whose defense everything to be allowed. And as it could not be of another way, the oficiante of this type really also is characterized in terms morals, that is to say, honest by definition. Little they are worth here rules and criteria to evaluate the quality of the information; in its place we see emerge the invocation from great principles that in the media only phentermine online without a prescription the character it jeopardize with some group or faction whenever a conflict arises. It is understood that as of the moment at which commitments and convictions of such nature are elevated in center of the profession, the honesty like moral quality (that nonprofessional) is reduced to act according to the direction and interests of the buy phentermine online with no prior prescription group. Perhaps for that reason the Spanish journalists who organize themselves (especially the associations, but not only they) are so inclined to base all it rules of the office in deontological codes, that more than to orient the professional (providing specific criteria to him on its work) what in the end they do is to silence the bad one brings buy cheap fedex free phentermine to consciousness. Of as much priest of impossible ministries buy cheap fedex free phentermine investigative journalism is one of them), or of as much phentermine online without a prescription turned the same into Goliat. Because to this type of journalists which they need strictly speaking informative it exceeds to them of grandiloquent Biblical metaphors.

In phentermine online without a prescription relation with the last image it is necessary to analyze one third, this already more secularised, and than doubtless it responds also to the particularitities of our society. I phentermine online without a prescription about to the journalist like phentermine online without a prescription Certainly few journalists recognize explicitly such buy cheap fedex free phentermine but actually those are not few that are had buy cheap fedex free phentermine of the same. The absence or little relevance of intellectuals in Spain subsequent to the civil War, has offered to the journalists a full field of possibilities. That they have been increased by the progressive transformation of the companies of communication in the hegemonic cultural corporations in our society. All this has allowed that the function of the intellectual (to think about public) becomes partly of the journalistic profession. Like certain traditions of intellectuals (especially tie to the political phentermine online without a prescription and parties), now insert in this profession must like high-priority objective direct and channel the public opinion, substitute a mediatic one of the political masses. These journalist-intellectual turn, or at least that creates, in experts in images with that to persuade, to convince, to mobilize and to orient to public of whose nature, if we fitted ourselves to the contents that they provide to them, do not seem to have a too flattering phentermine online without a prescription And like logical continuators of the intellectuals, they understand that its attitude must buy phentermine online with no prior prescription critical; but a critic that usually is based not on arguments but on disqualifications. A very clear example can be it the analysis carried out in not few average Spaniards on the Monarchy: a mixture of the purest amarillismo with own resources of the pink press. With defenders so spurious of the republicanism (or that is to say of what other formulas), nothing of stranger has it monarchic institution enjoyment of a healthful status. , By the way much greater del than comes lately having the journalistic profession.

Journalists buy phentermine online with no prior prescription race, moralists, diletantes and jeopardize with their eagerness of group or faction: there am a list of definitions (sometimes autodefiniciones) of the journalistic world of our days here. For some, as if the phentermine online without a prescription time did not happen, they continue rebullendo the old woman images of that one rancid journalism phentermine online without a prescription that Lerroux was a conspicuous representative. He is that perhaps there are no other perspective for the phentermine online without a prescription By all means are that them, and they are not few the average journalists and who try to make them day to day possible. All of them have to do with the information.

The noninformation like phentermine online without a prescription of (badly) the media
In an activity self-critical and so barely reflective as it is our present journalism, abound the common places. One of them, the most extended and dangerous one of all he is the one that confuses journalism with information. Of the journalist usually one says that he is a informer, and under the information heading all product is included that leaves the hands of the journalist and it spreads through means system. But the things are not in this way. The information is not any phentermine online without a prescription publicitado in means; only it is it if one adjusts to certain rules, norms and criteria. Clear that in a profession so deregulated as ours, the information could not get rid of her.

It agrees phentermine online without a prescription before entering us in the meaning of the information we clarify the fundamental elements that they constitute the structure of the mediatic communication. phentermine online without a prescription the first place we found the content, that information, and that usually phentermine online without a prescription quite heterogenous and not simply it takes the form of stories based phentermine online without a prescription symbolic resources very varied. This content spreads through a means system organized generally in companies or corporations, although all of them cannot be characterized of capitalists in strict sense; a system in which activities and routines are carried out several. The scope of diffusion buy phentermine online with no prior prescription always public, that is to say, a visibility space phentermine online without a prescription virtue of which the contents enter within the framework of perception of an user group (public, hearing); for that reason not always it is easy to distinguish between information and publicity, since both use the buy phentermine online with no prior prescription channels and only in question explicit mention of publicity allows to know that it is not information. buy phentermine online with no prior prescription that, by the way, is not so frequent to find in many mass media. In short, it is necessary to indicate like phentermine online without a prescription element the one of the effects, that come to measure the impact, intensity and repercussion of the content on the public.

Of all these ingredients, buy cheap fedex free phentermine contents are the phentermine online without a prescription that more time occupies buy cheap fedex free phentermine the activity buy phentermine online with no prior prescription the journalists and, nevertheless, seems to worry to them too much little. buy phentermine online with no prior prescription give by discounted that any buy phentermine online with no prior prescription is valid and legitimate. In counterpart, their preoccupations go to the rest of constituent elements of the process of the communication. Particularly to the scope of diffusion, by double game: first, trying to increase its public (the war of hearings); secondly, filtering and separating interesadamente what one will become public than it will not leave the shadow zone (the secrets). In this way phentermine online without a prescription adopt the dual critic-protector roll according to the changing circumstances of the game of being able and I interest.

And the other element on which their predilections usually have puttings is the incessant influence, that is to say, that component phentermine online without a prescription the professional ideology that them autoconvence of which their stories hit suddenly and directly on their public, to whom they always channel towards the objectives and the values that they propose. There phentermine online without a prescription journalists who have specialized phentermine online without a prescription the media which we phentermine online without a prescription call of harangue, sermon or homily, and that creates to be always in moralización campaign on the recipiendarios of their tirades.

But what occurs with buy cheap fedex free phentermine content? What is the information? Of entrance it is the most genuine dimension buy phentermine online with no prior prescription the media, the buy cheap fedex free phentermine that grants professional specificity buy phentermine online with no prior prescription public credit to him. But it is necessary to repeat it: everything what the phentermine online without a prescription nor everything do what they spread mass media is phentermine online without a prescription information. A certain type of mediatic content is only information that relies on rules and precise norms good. A information concept that seems fit to me and clear is very the one that provides P. Charaudeau: knowledge that somebody has (in this case the journalist) and that it transmits to whom does not have it (the public), about an external event and through stories that describe and explain that one event. From the previous existence of this one it is as all the denominated journalistic sorts acquire professional sense.

The media phentermine online without a prescription intends central phentermine online without a prescription information has to orient to desarrollarr saberes, instruments and abilities that they place to phentermine online without a prescription professional in the most suitable conditions to give account of social occurring. On the contrary, another journalism exists that desentiende of this development, that avoids the information it uses or it like mere pretext for aims nonconfessed. It phentermine online without a prescription the media without information, that it is characterized basically by the three following characteristics: (1) he invents the events, (2) in the case of existing the event, the journalist has to his disposition neither saberes to include/understand it nor material to describe it or to phentermine online without a prescription it; (3) in spite of having phentermine online without a prescription and materials (the data) trustworthy, the journalist does without them and, in this case, which is invented are the tests. To these characteristics of the media without information he agrees we label that them like:

- Invention of the events: diverse needs, such as phentermine online without a prescription give first fruits, phentermine online without a prescription gain quotas of market, to take phentermine online without a prescription in the political fights or to interfere in the world of the great economic and cultural corporations it takes to certain mass media and to certain journalists to phentermine online without a prescription (false) events, to give like facts which is only interested lucubrations.
- Falsification of the information: with the protective shield of (supposed) the anonymous sources (a perversion of the professional secret), the journalists medical instructors of this modality hide their ignorance, its laziness or its shameful objectives constructing everything an accumulation of tried data, tests or confirmations that are not but simple falsifications.
- Distortion of phentermine online without a prescription information: she is perhaps most pernicious of the three, since existing suitable documentation phentermine online without a prescription explain the event, it ignores it to the journalist and it chooses to make another one than one adapts better to his objectives (naturally noninformative). We are before an action style that at heart it tries to subvert and to mine the confidence towards all the system of legitimate criteria to produce valid and trustworthy knowledge. Attacking the tests nonmade, placing in its place others buy cheap fedex free phentermine rather usually are a succession of sedicentes tests, one after another one as each of them is run out in its own emptiness), is persecuted to erode any possibility that a valid interpretation exists. Everything is tried to confuse, creating a propitious climate to the unique rule: all bond, provided it serves the aim (not kept awake) proposed.

An extraordinarily phentermine online without a prescription mixture of these three characteristics of journalism without information we found in the logic and the rate that the successive publication of the news presides over, on the part of some written means and several audio-visual ones, around the slaughter of phentermine online without a prescription That one appears in addition with the clothes to the investigative journalism, the necessity to know the truth and thus to contribute to maintain informed the citizens well. But phentermine online without a prescription mistificación of supposed service to the communal property and civismo is exactly the alibi of this type of journalism.

The place of the noninformation in the diverse models of journalism
A journalism with a low professional, producing profile buy cheap fedex free phentermine more kind noninformation and to the game of spurious controls and influences, are not characteristic exclusive rights of the Spanish media. Everywhere there is bad journalism. What is specific in our society is the extension of the phenomenon and his phentermine online without a prescription within some circuits, that had clearly differentiated from the media that looks for the rigor (although phentermine online without a prescription it is mistaken), does not allow internal phentermine online without a prescription within means, as well as the existence of controls of professional regulation, either comes from organizations, or from each means in particular. Exactly what it lacks here. And it is absent because a part of our journalism has accentuated one of the characteristics that they define to the model to which it belongs. But we go by parts.

It is possible to construct, since they have made D. Hallin phentermine online without a prescription P. Manzini, a typology of diverse models of journalism. According to them, three exist substantially: phentermine online without a prescription liberal one, democratic-corporative and the pluralistic-polarized one. First of them, generated in the Anglo-Saxon world, phentermine online without a prescription has economic origins (bulletins of commercial information), he is quite independent of the State, has gone to massive public, it persecutes plus the information that the commentary and in buy cheap fedex free phentermine the professionals autorregulan themselves besides any buy cheap fedex free phentermine organization. It is the media of the famous Watergate, phentermine online without a prescription the dismissals and phentermine online without a prescription in case of informative inventions or falsifications. Also within him turbid personages like W.R arose. Hearst, but as so it were had and believed, and of course nobody (nor he himself) preached speaking of buy phentermine online with no prior prescription causes; its journalism was amarillismo, to the service of his interests and anybody it could be called to deceit on the fraudulent use of the information, or rather of the noninformation.

The model democratic-corporative, arisen in center phentermine online without a prescription north from Europe, have origins that to a great extent are also economic, although with the peculiarity to league together closely to the set of the organized groups of these societies. Such entailment could make of him in phentermine online without a prescription stage of its history a party press (that is of that M. Weber spoke), but in spite of these bonds, is characterized by its buy phentermine online with no prior prescription rigor, to allow the high internal buy phentermine online with no prior prescription (the journalist does not have to participate in the same ideology of the phentermine online without a prescription that belongs at the time of elaborating the information) and to have solid professional organizations. It is also a journalism of masses.

Well different it is phentermine online without a prescription pluralistic-polarized model. Typical buy cheap fedex free phentermine phentermine online without a prescription societies buy cheap fedex free phentermine phentermine online without a prescription south phentermine online without a prescription Europe, its strong original religious stamp phentermine online without a prescription contributed effectively to that in phentermine online without a prescription it concerns plus the indoctrination and the propaganda that the precision of the news. And for that reason at present these means, that develop in societies with clear ideological divisions, are polarized, although they are not average of party, to a side or another one of the ideological phantom. What it is translated, in addition, in the total absence of internal pluralism: the journalist has to have in his work the same direction of the group to phentermine online without a prescription she belongs. Developed in scopes barely alphabetized, phentermine online without a prescription was then and he continues being today (at least in its objectives) an elitist journalism, since he mainly looks for to influence in the elites, to which few journalists do not create to belong (or at least so it is his aspiration). In the Spanish case, it is necessary to recognize that if we rely on the high economic yields secured by certain journalists, and to those more influential lists of (elaborated to the margin and phentermine online without a prescription criterion of reliability) to which so given are to make certain newspapers, comprise doubtless of the elite. In addition, this journalism depends closely on the State, or phentermine online without a prescription in his hands they are the means concessions and licenses, or because the S-state the main investor of publicity. Again in the Spanish case another particularitity exists: no longer there is press of the regime, as it happened in the Francoism; but what now it exists it is a dense audio-visual means network public that as much constitutes a phentermine online without a prescription incentive for the coexistence between politicians and journalists, whatever to favor a little plus the noninformation. Finally, in all these countries, the professional associations lack any capacity of regulation, and the self-regulation to the liberal way does not exist either. The deregulation is the norm.

It is certain buy cheap fedex free phentermine buy phentermine online with no prior prescription part of means of phentermine online without a prescription pluralistic-polarized model has buy cheap fedex free phentermine incorporating you rule of the liberal model, turned in a referring one of the globalised media. The example to imitate phentermine online without a prescription being the one of the Watergate case: of course in Spain, that since model has arrived behind schedule (when in EE.UU all the later replicantes have been discredited), it has burst in with force and it has generated the phentermine online without a prescription and amazing investigative journalism to the Spanish. The phentermine online without a prescription does not keep any similarity with the original model, and if to something he is similar it is of course to the one of the epígonos discredited ones.

But as general phentermine online without a prescription between us continuous very active pluralistic-polarized, having itself accentuated in addition some to its less favorable characteristics, generating this particular model of the noninformation. The characteristics of the same are: deficiency of criteria at the time of buy phentermine online with no prior prescription competitions phentermine online without a prescription responsibilities of the buy phentermine online with no prior prescription increasing confusion between information and sensationalism; phentermine online without a prescription to happen through independent journalism, of quality, objective and jeopardizes what is pure and level yellow journalism; transforming the racket and the structural abuse of the office into pluralism; showing the total deregulation like foundation of professional freedom.

All the journalists nor all the means do not agree with phentermine online without a prescription wheels of mill. There is a phentermine online without a prescription journalism, that has privileged means phentermine online without a prescription be able to exert itself. But phentermine online without a prescription the effective measurement in which any public reaction does not occur within the profession and directed toward exerting the controls which they work in other models, the pollution hazard is every more probable day. In fact, in all our mass media the information is handicapped and the rigor does not seem to worry in excess. Who remembers, to put an example eloquent, of the list of errata? Perhaps because one thinks that there are no longer them and that as much the false one gives to the certain data whatever. All the published bond.

Some structural reasons of the Spanish case
I have affirmed phentermine online without a prescription phentermine online without a prescription journalism without information occurs in other latitudes, but that in them phentermine online without a prescription in the societies of the pluralistic-polarized media) clearly appears differentiated the media that tries rigorous del that phentermine online without a prescription not more than simple sensationalism. Or in other words, it is not a journalism model, but rather infrajournalism or an own activity of people and undesirable groups. That in our country such separation does not occur, and that in addition the sensationalism is sold as phentermine online without a prescription journalism has to take to ask phentermine online without a prescription to us for the reasons of such transmutation. We found and them in the peculiarities of a society that in spite of its economic growth suffers, as it maintains Navarrese V., from phentermine online without a prescription and cultural under-development. In such context, the means have attributed functions that do not correspond to them, indeed because do not exist evaluation criteria that allow to phentermine online without a prescription to each in their place. A low level of level of civic and political culture as he is ours, leaves inner me to the public at the time of distinguishing between information and propaganda; or to have precise ideas it exceeds what they represent certain ideological principles. He is not infrequent, for example, that phentermine online without a prescription usually appears like liberalism most rancid conservatism; or that believes that the radicalismo is equivalent to critic with foundation.

In this social phentermine online without a prescription moral means, certain journalists and mass media have phentermine online without a prescription constructed a style of journalism and social intervention in which the information (or some substitute) only serves insofar as it subordinates to extraprofesionales causes. From where a professional matrix characterized by at least the three great following buy phentermine online with no prior prescription has been derived:

- The collusion with the policy, that usually does difficult to distinguish to politicians and journalists. It phentermine online without a prescription more: in not few situations, the line to follow by the political action comes established by the journalistic phentermine online without a prescription The doubtless weakness of the parties at the phentermine online without a prescription of the transition, its lack of social supports and institutional solids and the urgent necessity to buy cheap fedex free phentermine obtain the support of means in a democracy that in Spain begins for being of hearings (to use the concept coined by phentermine online without a prescription Manin), trastoca the borders between phentermine online without a prescription and journalism. What it has taken to few journalists not to desprofesionalizar themselves for the sake of contributing to the electoral success of phentermine online without a prescription of the present political groups in the public phentermine online without a prescription Instead of to inform, to phentermine online without a prescription It is, really, a journalism battle (that noncivic), and of buy cheap fedex free phentermine (that not of investigation).
- The attribution phentermine online without a prescription buy phentermine online with no prior prescription paper of representative agency of phentermine online without a prescription buy phentermine online with no prior prescription Partly consequence of phentermine online without a prescription previous characteristic, partly due buy cheap fedex free phentermine the practical phentermine online without a prescription of networks and independent and phentermine online without a prescription social institutions (what today civil society usually is called) the means have been dedicated to the task of vertebrar to the society. Not only they compete with the phentermine online without a prescription representation produced by the electoral processes, but also with any other instance that tries to exert this paper. And buy phentermine online with no prior prescription it the means have come to elaborate a double mechanism of simplification: one reduces the society to the denominated public opinion, and this one to the opinion that the means cause and to make circulate (either in the phentermine online without a prescription format the more of diverse journalistic sorts, or by means of the continuous publication of surveys). The other goes to deslegitimar the universal procedure of representation that makes possible the configuration of the political class and that is not other that the electoral one. He is not infrequent that enters this last one and the tried mediatic representation settles down some form of disadvantageous comparison for first. phentermine online without a prescription this function, the journalist stops perceiving itself like a professional of limited competitions to be elevated in social leader who looks for the social mobilization mainly after determined causes.
- The phentermine online without a prescription of consistent and effective competitors in phentermine online without a prescription field of phentermine online without a prescription collective representations is perhaps one of the most decisive reasons of the development of a phentermine online without a prescription catch all (and that like its homologous ones in the policy, takes buy cheap fedex free phentermine of everything what can or leave him). In the Spanish case the competing absentees have been and are the intellectuals. Almost the phentermine online without a prescription of this category during the phentermine online without a prescription and the structural impossibility of their later development phentermine online without a prescription to the weakness of diverse institutions, of special way the University), has left the free land to the media. The roll of the phentermine online without a prescription turned into intellectual characterizes not by the refinement in saberes and professional abilities, but by the mixture of diletantismo (the journalist who knows of everything) and deficiency of any responsibility (professional and social).

So phentermine online without a prescription in a society in which phentermine online without a prescription party press is practically nonexistent (all phentermine online without a prescription attempts to create buy phentermine online with no prior prescription in the phentermine online without a prescription were led the failure, economic and of hearing), we phentermine online without a prescription paradoxicalally when resurging and fortification of a reideologizado journalism. A phenomenon that means the following thing at least: the conviction that the press is a power that enjoys certain autonomy (and it is rather more than to contrapoder); that it has stopped being guardiana of the democracy to try to become his buy phentermine online with no prior prescription that in the political class it perceives a subordinate ally, and that of the public has made a set of spectators conceived like mere adressees of the mental mobilization undertaken by means. And that from the professional point of view desentiende to perfect its instruments of informative work to turn upside down tout court in the propaganda.

Against this background little it can surprise phentermine online without a prescription disarticulated professional panorama. Put under the din phentermine online without a prescription the multiple combats, tasks and missions that leaves from the journalistic elite it has turned into buy phentermine online with no prior prescription unique ideal, to the rest of journalists buy phentermine online with no prior prescription they have left space to be comparsas (or phentermine online without a prescription and corporals) of his heads and employers (more and more fused in a unique and indistinguishable figure). With little or little socialization caused by the own means, phentermine online without a prescription masters, cases of having them, are destined preferably to the identification with some of the mediatic idearios, but with little content phentermine online without a prescription With little and sometimes arbitrary economic rewards phentermine online without a prescription that multitude of scholarship holders without scholarship, of collaborator that do all the work, of apprentices that is merit by themselves). With professional organizations who can but they do not want to confront this situation, perhaps because in her it goes to them or (the associations), or that wanting cannot (on all the diverse unions of journalists, with little relevance and power in the profession.

But already we know that happening phentermine online without a prescription history he is not unilineal. Nothing made anticipate, phentermine online without a prescription phentermine online without a prescription first times of the transition, that the media of radiating future would end up producing phenomena like described here. Nothing allows to predict that the media without information will continue fortifying itself: But so that this does not happen, it must occur a phentermine online without a prescription within the profession that at the phentermine online without a prescription time does not seem to have the sufficient spread to change the present state of things. And if one does not occur with the necessary forcefulness, the problems with which the new generations of journalists would run into would be more serious if it fits that those of the censorship phentermine online without a prescription cuts of the freedom of expression: the own profession would have been dynamited from within, buy phentermine online with no prior prescription something essential for her what is the credit and the confidence of the citizens.


phentermine online without a prescription

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Hallin, D., Manzini, P.: Modelli I gave giornalismo. Laterza, Rome-Bari, 2004.
Manin, B.: The principles of the phentermine online without a prescription government. Alliance, phentermine online without a prescription 1997.
More of Xaxás, X.: Lies. Trip of a journalist to the world of the disinformation. Destiny, Barcelona, 2005.
Navarrese, V.: The social under-development of Spain. Anagram, Barcelona, 2006.
Grouse, F.: The difficult informative balance. Le Monde diplomatique, nº 3, September 2005
Grouse, F., Humanes, MªL.: Something more than journalists. Ariel, Barcelona, 2000.
Grouse, F. (coordinating): Journalism without information. Tecnos, Madrid, 2006.
Travaglio, M.: Scomparsa dei fatti. Il Saggiatore, Milan, 2006.
Weber, M.: The politician and the scientist. phentermine online without a prescription Madrid, 1979.


Dr. Felix Grouse
Professor of Sociology, University of Alcala of Madrid, Spain.