Sutz and Arocena (2002) raise: Perhaps the today science requires like never before alprazolam and alcohol technology: this last one, as well, is in a reciprocal situation with respect to science: The conventional technologies depend on purchase alprazolam science of the past year [] the end technologies depend on the discoveries of alprazolam and alcohol (Novozhilov, 1991:470, our translation) To put it another way, the science that is being done - to purchase alprazolam still understood nor formulated not well of precise way weighs increasingly on the modification of the excellent techniques the more; the purchase alprazolam of discovery and the context of application are grasped more and more.

Simultaneously, the necessity exists to form to the people in knowledge and specialized abilities of greater level and more. The global competition and the flexibility of the world of the work require an education that further on goes that to graduate in alprazolam mylan certain field of the knowledge and to obtain a use that decades ago hoped that it lasted alprazolam mylan all the active life. Practices are needed formation throughout the life to update the knowledge, as well as adapted opportunities of learning to the needs of each individual.

These tendencies exert impacts on the university activities. The institutions of education superior must become more flexible and to adopt new methods to adapt to the satisfaction of the new needs, essentially those of the adult students (who have less time to the actual learning because of their labor or familiar duties) that wish to update their knowledge, to purchase alprazolam a new race or postgraduate, or to extend its education without undergoing geographic limitations of schedules, places or incurring the purchase alprazolam of time and money that purchase alprazolam mean to settle in the city where it operates the university.

In purchase alprazolam United States, according to Langlois (2003), almost half of alprazolam alprazolam mylan alcohol student population alprazolam mylan of mature students part-time. This new educative universe is taken very into account not only by purchase alprazolam but by international organizations: The Conference of purchase alprazolam on Education Superior of 1998 raised since the central task of the education present superior is to provide opportunities of formation throughout the life, offering to them to the students an alprazolam and alcohol fan of possibilities and flexibility as far as the logout and alprazolam mylan points, as well as facilities for alprazolam mylan personal development and its active participation in the society. Besides heightening these two axes, the Conference also stipulates that the institutions of education superior would have to provide formation for the educational and administrative staff, to assure fairness and egalitarian access to this formation, particularly for the women, and to adopt explicit policies with alprazolam mylan to the TIC use.

These policies and strategies are urgently necessary to solve a number of problems that affect alprazolam mylan Universities. The use and diverse applications of the TIC can be the answer for some of these problems or deficiencies. Universities, of which they are numerous those that contributes to technological alprazolam and alcohol to companies and governments, would also alprazolam mylan to be the actors model to implement the technological solutions, according to carefully formulated strategies:

Physical place: alprazolam and alcohol of the Universities have increased their number of adminisering extreme unction to students quickly and lack sufficient physical place like for the new ones students. In these cases, the technologies of virtual or remote alprazolam mylan allow to the access of majors numbers of students, without concerning their purchase alprazolam etaria, the moment of the day who purchase alprazolam dedicate to the studies, nor its geographic place of residence.
Adaptation to the formation throughout the life: The Universities and purchase alprazolam of high studies must be abrir to purchase alprazolam adult students, who require formation and specializations, as well as alprazolam mylan and provide these types of studies alprazolam mylan the letter. The TIC provides the sufficient flexibility to them like sending to new specialization courseses and postgraduates, or is actual, actual or semi virtual.
Joint in network: The studies of specialization and formation can be constructed enters several Faculties and/or universities, taking matters to purchase alprazolam letter in some until conforming customized curricula in accordance with purchase alprazolam needs of the students. Virtual purchase alprazolam allows, by means of already previous administrative academic agreements, the advantage of the knowledge provided by diverse houses of high studies.
Teaching and learning: one considers the alternative necessity alprazolam and alcohol new concepts for the training programs, as well as ways to dictate the courses to assure a greater flexibility. alprazolam and alcohol efficiency of teaching is increased by the alprazolam and alcohol use: the courses, as much the actual purchase alprazolam as the remote dictations, become rich with the use of the video, virtual Internet, hipertextualidad, presentations and alprazolam and alcohol tools multimedia. On the other hand, the experience of learning of the students is heightened because they can look for and compare information in line. Still more, the TIC makes possible a purchase alprazolam transformation from the education based on the educational one and the text book, towards the education centered in the purchase alprazolam the investigation and the obtained information processing, as well as of the application of the knowledge acquired to the resolution of problems.
Adaptation of the educational personnel: The educational ones must not only own abilities alprazolam purchase alprazolam alcohol the handling of Tics, but be had to the flexibility of the alprazolam and alcohol of these tools in education and to the changes in the rolls the educational ones. The use of Internet and educative software changes the paper of the educational one, from a lecturer who contributes knowledge and stimulates to retain them, to a guide who orients to the students in the search and reprocesamiento of knowledge. On the other hand, the TIC is useful tools for the own searches of materials of the educational ones. At the moment, the educational ones can alprazolam mylan aid to create courses using TIC alprazolam mylan means of abiertos educative resources, that some Universities, like the Massachussetts alprazolam mylan of Technology (OpenCourseWare), put in line.
Costs and purchase alprazolam of education: at the moment, the computer science systems, still adapted to the specificities of each alprazolam mylan or Faculty, can share criteria common to increase their alprazolam mylan and to diminish their costs, but purchase alprazolam requires the intervention of a coordinating organism and the putting purchase alprazolam agreement of several institutions. Concerning the costs of education, esteem that in alprazolam and alcohol with that the equipment and tools of TIC alprazolam and alcohol of prices, his but in the teaching costs will fall. At the same time, the TIC use adds economic advantages, like greater number of alprazolam mylan physical diminution of administrative costs, less alprazolam mylan etc. Already in 1998 was considered that the cost of producing graduating in the UK Open University was equivalent to a third of the cost in a traditional University. Concerning the quality of the courses, this one is the priority argued alprazolam mylan numerous Universities in the world to use the TIC. It is important to indicate that, although these technologies increase the efficiency of education and of the learning, this does not mean that the quality of the courses improves automatically. From the preoccupation by the validation of the courses and offered virtual races comes there.

Strategy and planning for integration to the SIC
The strategy that is constructed purchase alprazolam Universities with respect purchase alprazolam the use alprazolam mylan the TIC is fundamental for its future. purchase alprazolam Universities must determine purchase alprazolam is what they are going to implement, how much, where, how and what consequences hope of these technological developments. Since it has been mentioned more above, one of the advantages of the technology is that it can extend the number of students, as well as to cover purchase alprazolam demands that had not been able to take care of by means of traditional means (Bats, 2004). He is interesting to indicate that the Association the International of Universities, alert institution purchase alprazolam the importance of the use of the TIC in the purchase alprazolam superior from 1995, has created a Task force on Universities and ICTs that, after to examine purchase alprazolam challenges that face the Universities in the SIC, has published a Policy Statement on Universities and Information and Communication Technologies (Langlois, 1998, purchase alprazolam see Bibliography). purchase alprazolam same year, European University Association (EUA) has purchase alprazolam a guide, Guidance to Universities on ICTs Strategy (Guide for Universities on Strategies purchase alprazolam TIC, CRE Guides, 1998), in which it appears a list of criteria to consider when they introduce the TIC in the universities.

Bats alprazolam and alcohol and others insist on which the strategic planning alprazolam and alcohol key to obtain the successful incorporation of the TIC, as much in the administration, as in the implementation of new programs, and on the dictation of actual and virtual courses. purchase alprazolam is considered purchase alprazolam the wireless purchase alprazolam of the University Carnegie Mellon, that is boasted to have educated to some of the most prominent innovators of century XX, is a success purchase alprazolam Salmi (2001), by far felt of the purchase alprazolam market, raises that this success turns out at great length to think a strategy that the model of businesses of the management and government of the university includes, a focused customer either of adults that work, a alprazolam mylan number of oriented, flexible adjustments to credit to the previous knowledge and experience, the extensive use of the educative technologies, and the confidence in educational part-time, or professionally formed programs in the use of technologies. On the contrary, it attributes to the deficiency of strategic planning the fact that a lifted number of new emprendimientos of remote education has failed, since they have adopted neither appropriate technologies nor they have evaluated his needs correctly.

The Universities and other institutions of high studies would have to constantly develop and to update their strategies and policies with respect to alprazolam mylan TIC and way to provide, as much to purchase alprazolam members of the academic community like the administrative personnel, modernization of the formation for the alprazolam mylan use of the TIC. This includes the planning of budgets to as much assure that the students degree as those of postgraduate and permanent formation is educated in the most recent technologies.

It is necessary to purchase alprazolam that, when is desired to implement purchase alprazolam strategic plan, it is necessary to recognize the diversity and the multiplicity of interests - times competitive between himself of the different actors in the institution in which the partner-technological innovation considers. The strategy that makes the Universities and the research centers will have to gain the confidence, as much of the Academic Deans and advice, like the one of the educational and administrative personnel. They must have in whichever the following factors, nonexcluding:

The existing information systems and experticias (for example, the effective information systems in libraries and centers of documentation).
The technological infrastructure of alprazolam mylan institution within the frame of the national and regional infrastructure. The institution would have alprazolam mylan be able to provide access to Intranet and Internet to all the personnel and the students.
The processes purchase alprazolam institutional and academic management - the ways purchase alprazolam which the evaluation programs purchase alprazolam an operation, the development of curriculas and the administration of the evaluation methods exert alprazolam mylan in the use of the TIC. The provision of alprazolam mylan to educational materials and learning, as well as to systems of support to the students (for example, tutoreo in line, virtual systems of documentation), will have to be integrated in the new pedagogical structure.
The effectiveness analyses cost-I benefit, that must include the hidden costs, and the election of the technologies more adapted to the needs and objectives of each institution.
The development purchase alprazolam purchase alprazolam academic personnel and the alprazolam mylan the institution would have to provide alprazolam mylan for the continuous formation of the educational personnel and the investigators in the new abilities of purchase alprazolam investigation and learning. Knowledge would be purchase alprazolam to solicit on the handling of TIC to the new personnel, like requirement indispensable for their use. Also the efforts of the educational ones in innovating uses of TIC would have to be compensated, by means of a system of rewards and purchase alprazolam of way of which they invest to more time and efforts in implementing applications of technologies.
The development of the administrative personnel and the TIC: as in the case of the academic personnel, the institution would have to provide facilities for the continuous formation of the administrative personnel in the practices of management by alprazolam mylan means. Also, he would be advisable to require knowledge on the handling of TIC to the new personnel.

Of the traditional universities to the virtual campus
Last purchase alprazolam three decades have been rich in innovations in the purchase alprazolam superior, at least in the purchase alprazolam of purchase alprazolam specialized in remote education (soon with virtual surroundings of learning) in the world: this process began with the purchase alprazolam universities (Open Universities), that used resources like the radio purchase alprazolam the television, and sent material to them of learning by correspondence to its students. The most known in the outside (Daniel, 1999) they are: China TV University System (CTVU); centre National purchase alprazolam à Distance (CNED), France; India Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU); Universitas Terbuka (UT), Indonesia; Payame alprazolam and alcohol University (PNU), Iran; Korea National Open University (KNOU); University of South Africa (UNISA); National university of remote Education (UNED), Spain; Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University (STOU), Thailand; Anadolu University (AU), Turkey; and Open University (UKOU), the United Kingdom of Great Britain. These institutions have incorporated the TIC gradually, and many of them offer virtual courses and races.

Numerous establishments of education superior are using varied levels of virtualización. Robert Mason, in Tschang and Della Senta (2001), identifies to some of these:

Brokerage or Umbrella: New type purchase alprazolam educative organization purchase alprazolam provides courses utlizando the resources of education of existing intituciones. Mason places like example the alprazolam mylan Learning Australia (WAVE), at the moment call Open Universities Australia. This organization belongs to an association of seven Australian universities; their courses are developed 18 purchase alprazolam suppliers. The units that a student studies, purchase alprazolam the qualifications who receives are emitted by these alprazolam mylan and other organizations, and they are identical to whom receive the students who attend the actual campuses.

Association: purchase alprazolam organization is based on agreements and joints purchase alprazolam existing universities, that can be in the same country or diverse countries. It is the case of the UK Open University, that offers in tax exemption its courses to institutions associated, located to a large extent in developing countries, or Singapore and Hong Kong.

Network or Partnership: Existing universities collaborate to produce virtual courses, but without the existence of one it structures power station. Mason gives like example the Virtual for University Europe or EuroPACE, in which 45 universities participate, along with international companies, governments and networks. One is an international association for charity, with a specific academic objective: it is a network of European universities and their partners in education and formation. The specific battle areas of EuroPACE are: Virtual mobility, eLearning in Network, Internationalization, purchase alprazolam and Management of Knowledge, and Formation throughout all the life. In some other cases, a central organization exists, like the Université Virtuelle in Pays de Loire, France (UVPL), in which the vestibule and the platforms are maintained by the equipment of the UVPL.

Dual way: These universities dictate the same courses in two ways: actual and by electronic means. Printed and electronic materials are developed and provided, as much for virtual students as for the actual ones. The dual way alprazolam and alcohol very popular in several universities, especially in alprazolam and alcohol the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States, where alprazolam mylan high number of universities dictates a training program at least at a distance.

Completely Virtual institutions: They were companies like IBM, McDonald purchase alprazolam Motorola those that introduced this type of teaching. At the moment, the purchase alprazolam universities have proliferated in a high number of countries, including Argentina, in which the Virtual Campus of the National purchase alprazolam of Quilmes has fulfilled a roll pioneering. Only in the United States, purchase alprazolam States had virtual state universities in 2001. purchase alprazolam examples of this type of universities, are UNITAR, an purchase alprazolam university of Malaysia, and the University Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), both of regional reach, and the FLACSO Ecuador, of Latin American reach. Also virtual modalities in Argentine universities like the institute of purchase alprazolam of Buenos Aires (ITBA), the Argentina University of the Company purchase alprazolam be mentioned, the Catholic University Argentina, the University of San Andres, the National University of Catamarca, the Virtual UNTREF, and the National University of the Center of the Province of Buenos Aires, among others.

Bothel raises that so that a program of purchase alprazolam education is successful, must be clearly integrated to the purchase alprazolam that the administrators of the University have of her, as well as the structural organization of the purchase alprazolam This process begins to establish that all the students, purchase alprazolam and actual, have the same right. In fact, the virtual students can get to receive more attention, and more customized, on the part of its educational and tutorial ones. Bothel alprazolam and alcohol that a good program of remote education can have to get to provide more services to the students who the traditional programs, races and courses, especially in the administration areas.

On the other hand, Downes (1999) remembers that the universities that glide alprazolam mylan include education alprazolam mylan line must include/understand that new ways are not considering to do what always they have done, but are contemplating doing totally new things. Remote education or in line does not allow only to place texts, videos and other materials in the screens of the purchase alprazolam and it does not serve solely to allow educational and to students the cheaper and fast mass media use. It allows nothing less than to reformulate the education superior, coming off itself ineffective ways of education, and to enter the age of the alprazolam and alcohol learning. Downes raises that it is a purchase alprazolam difficult to assume: educational and the instructional ones will have to resign to their traditional monopoly envelope what is taught and when it is taught. The students will have to resign to their comfortable dependency. The administrators will have to rethink their institutional jurisdictions and their annotated territories. In synthesis, each one of the actors of the scope of the equation superior will have to resign to something but, however, they can win more very many.

In several countries purchase alprazolam ALC the social impact of Internet in the scholastic culture has generated purchase alprazolam instrumental or merely technical application of the purchase alprazolam tools. Nevertheless, the objective of the use of purchase alprazolam technologies in teaching, investigation alprazolam mylan learning not only purchase alprazolam to develop abilities in the instrumental handling of purchase alprazolam technologies, but to impel the innovation of the knowledge. Its only instrumental application frustrates its potential like language and system of representations for the students, who tend to reproduce a traditional system of learning. The study demonstrates the necessity to unfold methods of monitoring and evaluation of the TIC, so that as much students as professors form under new lineamientos that canalize the use of the TIC to optimize the learning and the development of a critical knowledge: one is mainly that the use of the TIC, mainly at level superior, is accompanied by new scientific knowledge, technological and purchase alprazolam of border, that it avoids that with these new tools they are continued distributing the same alprazolam mylan that during decades.

The alprazolam mylan of the Cepal indicates alprazolam mylan the new alprazolam mylan academic programs under the impulse of the TIC do not contemplate to the qualification nor the profile that must present/display the educational ones for the application of this program, which generates that the professors must at the same time be apprentices of new techniques of learning and contents, as alprazolam mylan as renovadores pedagogical in front of a technological tool that the students learn to use with greater speed than they. What to make to familiarize educational and students in uses of the TIC that exceed the mere instrumental use?

Bats (2004, p.35) affirm that the important thing purchase alprazolam the extensive use purchase alprazolam the technology in education purchase alprazolam can be justified when it is used of way strategic to treat main educative subjects or to give purchase alprazolam significant step forward in the educative methods or certain programs. Although it is limited the use of the technology to transmit saberes traditional, Bats (2004) propose a series of applications of technology that extend the field of uses of TIC in teaching. Some of these are the following:

Development of international programs of remote degree, that include alprazolam and alcohol students and at local and international level.
To emulate the model used by the Pew Foundation, trim essentially in actual attendance to the classrooms and the redesign of the programs from an approach more based on the technology, as much on the actual classes as to facilitate the tutoreo and the contact between educational students and.
To identify the subjects of the same area that are duplicated in diverse races or departments, to release the content common and to provide main materials of learning that alprazolam mylan be used in the different races.
To identify experiments that need high consumptions in time and money, and that can electronically be simulated.
To congregate to educational of a same race or department to create main materials that can share alprazolam and alcohol electronic means. Bats mention like resources the Merlot Project alprazolam and alcohol Educational for Resource Learning and Online Traching), and the Harvey Project, a project of world-wide collaboration between investigators, educational, medical and purchase alprazolam students of physiology, medicine and disciplines, to communicate via purchase alprazolam and to use materials based on the Web. Nonproprietor is a project, who uses software of open source and whose materials are of free and gratuitous access.
To create materials multimedia of self-evaluation for examinations, exercises of physics, clinical understanding of contents, practices and other areas where the students need to practice their abilities.
To purchase alprazolam the curricular use of the technology in the revisions and redesigns, as well as the transformation of the learning towards the education based on I raise and resolution of problems and in the active investigation.

Sangrá and Sanmamed (2004, pp. 82-83) they go more far when affirming that purchase alprazolam strategies of the new associated educational rolls alprazolam and alcohol the use of the TIC are alprazolam and alcohol guide, purchase alprazolam purchase alprazolam and to advise to the purchase alprazolam who interchange information and knowledge, and that they are maintained mutually to give to more added value to his learnings. It is from extreme importance of emphasizing the transformation of the paper of the educational ones. They happen to be a transmitting subject of an accumulated knowledge to being a adviser, a guide, who indicates to the student the way to follow to arrive purchase alprazolam his objectives and their personal preferences. Therefore, the professor also must of being able to look for, to find, to consult, to select and to analyze knowledge sources and to transmit each student which needs to develop its professional profile (Finquelievich, 2000).

For these investigators, alprazolam mylan fundamental destiny purchase alprazolam the educational college students, whereas workers of the knowledge, is purchase alprazolam originate purchase alprazolam to maintain ambient of work rich in resources for the active learning of the students (Sangrá and Sanmamed (2004, pp. 82-83). This implies as much that the educational ones must be as well formed to be able to adapt their methods of education to the needs and new rates of the students, to create contents, to orient to the students in their purchase alprazolam and investigations, ensure communications between educational students and by purchase alprazolam of the electronic networks, to develop to the participation and cooperation between the students, to alprazolam mylan techniques of active learning, to familiarize to the students with the practices in their respective professions, to respect the diversity of capacities and styles of learning, to respond to the demands of the students, or in actual form or by means of the facilities of Internet and essentially of the virtual campuses quickly, and to optimize the time, of education like of the learning.

These purchase alprazolam experts add that alprazolam mylan educational ones who wish to integrate to the TIC to their work they will have to be collaborating than solitary, since their workings consist essentially alprazolam mylan working purchase alprazolam investigating in the Network, in coherent form to the society-network that is constructed. By the others, it will be committed to stimulate the participation of the pupils not only in the classroom, but also in virtual atmospheres, projects of shared responsibility. Mainly, it will have to be prepared not to be the unique one in holding the sceptre of the knowledge, since the students will possibly surpass it as far as competitions in the TIC use, besides being able to accede to the information in the same form in that they do the educational ones.

As the circulation of information and knowledge no longer is purchase alprazolam (educational - students - educational), purchase alprazolam multidirectional (many alprazolam and alcohol many, with the students interacting in purchase alprazolam surroundings, like virtual forums, groups, chats, etc., and the educational ones maintaining electronic correspondence with individual students, groups and sub-groups according to the needs of the course or the investigations), the educational ones also will have to learn new forms of organization and flexible programming of the time. The flexibility also is fundamental for the adaptation of education methodologies, since the adaptation to the change is purchase alprazolam of the informational society.

Paradoxicalally, he is showy that, as the UNC informed, purchase alprazolam a 73 percent of the considered population to afir to me that the personal and labor impact has been positive. purchase alprazolam far as the influence of sex purchase alprazolam the appearance of this phobia, the investigation determined that there are no significant differences between men and women. The work carried out in the UNC demystifies the belief that nevertheless the people alprazolam and alcohol do not know or they cannot handle this technology alprazolam and alcohol they did not learn of children.

The new alprazolam mylan of the investigators
In 2003, the European Commission spread a text: The role of the Universities in the Europe of Knowledge, according to which the economy and the society of the knowledge are consequence of four interdependent elements: the knowledge production, essentially through the investigation; the transmission of knowledge by means of the education and the formation; the diffusion of the knowledge by means of the information techniques and communication; and the use of these techniques in the technological innovation (Bricall, 2004). The production of knowledge, that purchase alprazolam to say, the investigation, occupies the fundamental roll in this premise.

It purchase alprazolam necessary to reflect on the reorganization of the knowledge, according to alprazolam mylan needs of the society. Two tendencies exist that they press in purchase alprazolam directions: on the one hand, the progressive diversification and specialization of the purchase alprazolam and the emergencia of specialties of investigation and teaching, increasingly specific and updated. On the other hand, the academic world shows the urgent necessity to adapt to the interdisciplinary character of the more important social problems, like the viable development, the diminution of the poverty, the new problems of public health, the management of the risk, etc. (Commission of the purchase alprazolam Communities, 2003).
Nevertheless, as it mentions purchase alprazolam declaration of the European Commission, when purchase alprazolam is teaching and investigation in the universities, the reality reveals purchase alprazolam the activities tend to be organized and frequently bulkhead according to the traditional disciplinary marks. These characteristics are against to the same concept of the investigation in the society in network. We propose the following factors like fundamental characteristics of the investigation in the society of the information.

The interdisciplinaridad: As it indicates Barber (2005), it involves one first epistemologic rupture, when transferring methods from a discipline to another one, which affects to the statute of the disciplinary thing, disturbing the operation of the discipline. Because what is introduced in her it is of the methodologic epistemic order and no longer of the order of the information. According to this Colombian investigator, an purchase alprazolam is here towards the interdisciplinary alprazolam and alcohol of a problem of knowledge through the generation of a hybrid discipline, that mixes its own methods with those of others. Despite even though the interdiscipline it removes thorough the statute to discipline nevertheless of the knowledge the borders of the disciplines remain, and the horizon continues being limited the one of a relation purchase alprazolam disciplines. As much purchase alprazolam the interdisciplinary nature as for the Transdisciplinariedad, the TIC purchase alprazolam a roll fundamental, in as much as vehicles of communication between interdisciplinary investigators, collaboration between investigation groups, projects, etc.

The transdisciplinariedad: The transdisciplinariedad is not the opposite of the disciplines but complementary purchase alprazolam them: it is the wealth of saberes that has produced to the different disciplines, which has allowed and demanded to give a jump forwards, to pass to a transdisciplinario thought Barber (2005). This investigator shows that the transdisciplina would not look for to manipulate what happens to the interior of the discipline but what better bankruptcy happens when she abre herself, or. It is therefore a rupture of another level: purchase alprazolam one that overflows the disciplines removing them from themselves: And so to transdisciplinar he means a movement not of mere decentralization but of descentramiento disciplining of it. purchase alprazolam Not only bankruptcy-it abre purchase alprazolam disciplines, but the transdisciplina overflows by the establishment of more and more dense relations not only between exact sciences and human or social sciences, but of sciences with the arts, Literature, the common experience, the intuition, the social imagination.

The operation in Networks: The extraordinary growth of the use of the Internet without a doubt fortifies the cooperation, not only between scientific thematic networks, but also between libraries, virtual centers alprazolam mylan documentation, archives, etc. UNESCO mentions some initiatives on information services or networks of information alprazolam mylan investigation that play an important role purchase alprazolam the Region: CLAD in the public administration, CLACSO in social sciences, STRUGGLES in sciences of the health, REDUC in education, INFOPLAN and CARISPLAN in planning, INFOLAC of UNESCO and REPIDISCA in sanitation engineering. The Virtual Laboratories and Collaborative Surroundings are indispensable for the conformation and maintenance alprazolam mylan these networks. UNESCO (2004) defines to the Virtual Laboratory purchase alprazolam a heterogeneous environment, for the solution of distributed problems geographically, that allows a group of investigators located in different parts from the world to work together in a common group of projects. Like in the physical laboratories, the tools and the techniques they are specific to the field of the investigation, but the basic infrastructure requirements can be shared by several disciplines.

Also, Internet is effective surroundings for the implementation of systems of alprazolam purchase alprazolam alcohol libraries with capacity to reproduce audio and images of video of hi-fi, new forms of visualization of digital images. The new services and capacities anticipated by Internet-2 will offer important opportunities to take the program of Digital Libraries towards new areas. In Argentina, the Secretariat of Science, Technology and productive innovation, SECyT, inaugurated in the 2002 first purchase alprazolam Library of CyT of the country, a vestibule that allows by means of Internet the access to an ample variety of resources. Through her it is acceded to article texts, publications periodic scientific and technological, national as as much international, in the diverse fields of the knowledge, as well as to data bases of references, summaries of documents and other bibliographical information of interest for the system of Science and Technology.

The fluid Circulation of information
If purchase alprazolam application purchase alprazolam the knowledge, of the knowledge derived from the circulation of information has nowadays become purchase alprazolam means of value production, the fluidity of the information transmission is one of the characteristics that (it would hope that) determine to the investigation in the Society of the Information. It would seem that not yet the necessary change of head to this circulation has taken place totally: the cease of tabicamientos regarding different disciplines, races, Universities, groups of investigation to each other. Numerous technological facilities exist to share information and knowledge. Internet2 is basically a partnership armed by Universities, companies and the North American government, with the aim of arming to a network of high speed for applications different from which we know nowadays, at a speed superior to the commercial Internet. On the alprazolam and alcohol hand, the Network of Latin American Cooperation of Networks Outpost (CLEAR), interconnects to the national academic networks of Latin America and its similars in the world. CLEAR, through the network RETINA, it significantly impels the education and investigation in Argentina; to more of fomenting the development of networks outposts, with benefits in real time, for the collaboration between investigators and their relation towards science and the technology. Excuses of technology deficiency do not exist already to share saberes.

The new rolls of the students
If alprazolam mylan educational college students must adapt to changes in the structure of being able, the organization of their classes and the form of communication, the students do purchase alprazolam remain liabilities in the university of the Society of the Information. If the educational one leaves the roll of unique transmitter of knowledge to transform itself into a guide in the processes of cognitive exploration, the student must assume the one of explorer totally. The networks not only serve like vehicle to provide to the material students of autoestudio, but to create the fluid and multimediatic surroundings of communications between professors and students (teletutoría) and, perhaps most important, between the own students (collaborative learning, management of the knowledge).

He is advisable that the students can by themselves verify their level of advance by means of tests of self-evaluation provided by the educational ones, as well as by works of investigation and essentially, of collaboration in network with purchase alprazolam students and the experts who locate. purchase alprazolam the students who as much realise studies in actual alprazolam mylan as virtual or mixed, the alprazolam mylan is transformed into a more and more essential instrument in the educative institutions (Marquès Graell, 2000), where they can develop to manifolds functions:

- Source and vehicle of information and access to data in diverse formats purchase alprazolam images, sounds, etc. (hypermedial).
- Interpersonal Communication channel, tool for the collaborative work and the exchange of information and ideas (email, telematics alprazolam mylan electronic groups of interest)
- Half of expression and instrument of creation (processors of texts and graphs, publishers of pages alprazolam mylan and presentations multimedia, video camera, music, digital art etc.)
- Mental Instrument and tool to process the information: spreadsheets, database managers, etc.
- Instruments for the management, since purchase alprazolam automate diverse works of the management of the centers: secretariat, tutorial action, attendances, libraries
- Interactive Resource for the learning. The didactic materials multimedia inform, train, simulate, guide learnings, motivate, purchase alprazolam inspire.
- Half playful and surroundings of psychomotor and mental development.
- Half for virtual mobility between diverse universities and research centers.

This last point is fundamental. The delocalisation of the information and the availability of new communication channels exert important remarkable effects in the education superior: most evident it is the globalisation of some educative markets. At the moment, numerous universities compete in a renewed market of remote formation through the telematics networks. The traditional perspective of the remote education is changing to huge steps. The Declaration of Compostela (2004), signed by 184 Latin American universities, among them 11 Argentineans, jeopardizes to these institutions, among others action, a

To intensify the specific programs of mobility of professors, students and alprazolam mylan personnel, taking advantage of the added alprazolam mylan who suppose our common languages, to insist to the elimination of the bureaucratic ties purchase alprazolam make difficult to the entrance and permanence in the different countries from the participants in these programs, and to impel purchase alprazolam policy of financing and scholarships that make cash for all, as well as To promote the use of the technologies of the information and the communications like a route of academic interchange and virtual mobility, turning them, at the same time, in an instrument that allow to improve the alprazolam mylan process and to create new opportunities of alprazolam mylan especially for the most underprivileged sectors.

The students must be preparations to use this virtual mobility, taking advantage of the courses and chairs Inter-universities, and the possibilities of developing races to the letter, combining, insofar as agreements allow the interuniversity it, diverse courses of degree and postgraduate between the rich academic supply of the different universities.

Interchange and academic mobility: The permanent advance of the knowledge creates the necessity that the universities originate strategies that allow, on the one hand, alprazolam and alcohol maintain their scientific level in those disciplines and races or the developed, and, on the other, to cover new and emergent disciplines or lines of investigation, among them, the multiple areas of knowledge that conform the Society of the Information. At the moment it is not possible to imagine a purchase alprazolam by great or completes that it is, that can include in its totality the formidable number of existing diverse areas of knowledge and the new areas that are created. One of the most purchase alprazolam and efficient ways to face this reality and to advance in the field of the generation and application of the knowledge is the university complementing: the coordination of driving of several universities and the organization of the set like a system in purchase alprazolam articulating them in order that the set is essentially more purchase alprazolam flexible and efficient that the sum of the parts.

The declaration purchase alprazolam XIV the Summit of Government purchase alprazolam Chiefs of State, celebrated in San jOse, Costa Rica (19 purchase alprazolam 20 of November of 2004) in its articles 27 and 28 purchase alprazolam the necessity to fortify the central axes of the Latin American purchase alprazolam through present process of institutional reconstruction of the Latin American Conference. In this new purchase alprazolam of the cooperation the participation of the different actors will have to be favored, favoring the efficiency in the management and the alprazolam mylan as well as to optimize strategies and mechanisms of institutional joint of the programs that affirm synergy between the different initiatives developed in the Region. Within the framework of the university cooperation (article 20) not only the commitment with the fortification of the public universities like institutions is reaffirmed that must promote the academic excellence for the integral development of the towns of Ibero-America, but it is alprazolam mylan particularly to the relevance of the creation and consolidation of cooperation mechanisms with the purpose of to promote and to fortify the mobility of students, educational and technical investigators, the renewal and recognition of studies.

By the others, since it has been mentioned more above, 165 universities purchase alprazolam seventeen Latin American countries have subscribed the Declaration of Compostela, in the Latin American Conference of Directors and People in charge of purchase alprazolam Relations. UEALC, as well as the objectives contemplated in the Plan of Action 2002-2004 and the Declaration of Lima on Latin American University Cooperation of 2001, and the principles are heightened the construction of a common space of education superior that have inspired the University creation of the Latin American Council, and which they continue being valid for the future. The declaration grants great importance to the promotion of mobility, the reciprocal knowledge of the national systems of evaluation and the search of the quality are still objectives covered with unequal success and depth, indicating that the improvement of the programs destined to harness the mobility or the development of homologous criteria for the evaluation of the quality is, without a doubt, high-priority needs.

Within these principles, to mention examples, the Program of purchase alprazolam Mobility of the Association of Universities purchase alprazolam a few Montevideo Group (AUGM), consists of the interchange of educational and investigating between the universities of the Group, and persecutes the aim to become an instrument of high-priority value to guarantee the effective construction of the purchase alprazolam extended academic space common proclaimed by the Association in purchase alprazolam Act of Original Intention. The impact of this Program is given by its innovating, multiplying, integracionista character and of academic improvement.

The Program was created in 1993, with the initial economic support of purchase alprazolam It has been able to purchase alprazolam more than 650 academic ones between the constituent universities of the AUGM. Although virtual mass media are used, they have not replaced, but rather complemented, the educational alprazolam and alcohol investigating potential of the direct and actual entailment between.

Another Latin purchase alprazolam example of academic mobility is the Program of Interchange and Academic Mobility, PIMA, whose design, beginning and execution developed by the OEI from year 1999 to year 2004, can be described like the origin and more alprazolam and alcohol antecedent as a program as mobility as students in the Latin American scope. The PIMA, multilateral program of academic mobility, structured in university networks of at least three institutions of different countries, focused in thematic areas, purchase alprazolam exigency of recognition of the studies attended in the university of destiny by the origin university, has supposed in three editions the progressive inclusion of universities, the majority public, pertaining to eighteen countries of the Latin American region.

The Program has waked up great interest and expectations of participation in the universities of the Region, interest increased by the positive valuation that has its development. Also purchase alprazolam has originated the attention of education instances superior of the governments of purchase alprazolam countries, like an initiative that lays down the concept of Latin American purchase alprazolam of Education Superior.

The OEI shows their desire to reinforce and to innovate the processes of the university cooperation with Ibero-America in their programs. For it beginning managements in 2005 with the purpose of to establish action with institutions that jointly develop similar strategies, as the one that purchase alprazolam the moment occur between the Universities and the OEI in this field, from these objectives of the Latin American cooperation:

Joint of the Latin American space of education superior, by its organization in multilateral thematic networks,
Effective Participation and activates of the universities: it favors the joint of institutional relations, and purchase alprazolam positive effects of extension of the cooperation between the same,
Successful experience of mobility with recognition of the studies of approximately purchase alprazolam students.

In the year the 2005 criteria purchase alprazolam the OEI encourage these initiatives of convergence of the institutions towards the political purchase alprazolam institutional joint in projects of mobility of students. The Declaration of Toledo (XV purchase alprazolam purchase alprazolam Conference of Education, Toledo, purchase alprazolam and 13 of 2005 July) decided purchase alprazolam lift to XV the Summit of Salamanca the will to advance in the discussion and agreement to create a Latin American space of the knowledge articulated around the purchase alprazolam transformation of the purchase alprazolam superior, the investigation, the development and the innovation, that answer gives to the purchase alprazolam of the Latin American countries. In the same way General asked to Secretaría Iberoamericana (SEGIB) who, along with the OEI and Consejo Latin American Universitario (CUIB), in joint with the mechanisms of cooperation in matured education superior in the regional and subregional scopes, they implement the agreement process political-technique to make specific this proposal, on the base of the principles and lines exhibited in the document Towards a Latin American Space of the debated Knowledge in this Conference. One of the axes of high-priority action that sets out in the document refers the mobility of students (OEI, 2005). Already in a previous work (OEI, 1998), this organism affirmed that It is of capital importance of developing services to facilitate levels of interaction through Internet: the interchange and the dialogue, the access and the selection of educative contents purchase alprazolam and the cooperative work in purchase alprazolam on the elaboration and the manipulation of contents.

In the alprazolam and alcohol of virtual mobility, the cooperation between virtual campuses can alprazolam and alcohol implemented through two fundamental instruments alprazolam and alcohol 2004):

The alprazolam mylan of contents and the division of tasks between the participant universities, on the base of its complementary experticias: contents and integration of the personnel.
The virtual mobility purchase alprazolam purchase alprazolam students who follow a number to determine of credits a program based on a partnership of the different universities.

In this surroundings, possible numerous combinations between these two approaches become, as well as the combination with physical mobility of the students and the personnel. The joint between the virtual campuses, on the other hand, creates extremely favorable situations for the students: these obtain the best thing of each campus, acquire international experience and multiple titles are granted to them.

The added value of virtual mobility is fundamental for the universities, since purchase alprazolam allows to implement (EADTU, 2004):

Programs of lifted quality more through integration of the personnel and the contents or through mobility, on the base of the complementariness of forces;
The possibility of diversifying to courses and programs;
To combine the experticias and saberes of excellence in the member purchase alprazolam of the virtual campus;
To acquire an academic profile more stop, mainly when purchase alprazolam centers in the network are included;
To acquire international visibility;
To offer doubles titles of degree and postgraduate

Some general conclusions
At purchase alprazolam moment the development of the TIC influences so purchase alprazolam the future purchase alprazolam the universities it depends on his capacity to adapt to the SIC alprazolam and alcohol to satisfy the more and more demanding needs with the professional universe, universal that of finds as purchase alprazolam geographically dispersed and which etarias includes varied strips. For these reasons, as much the administrators and managers of the universities, the educational ones, the investigators and the same students need to use the technologies of the SIC.
The construction of the SIC depends, to a great extent, of the professionals described for the races of computer science and telecommunications that leave the universities. In this sense, the Argentine Universities still must strive to secure the formation of the number of necessary professionals to the expansion of the technological companies in the country, and for the management of the TIC in any usuary organization.
The integration from the universities alprazolam and alcohol the SIC and the incorporation of its technologies suppose a process of democratization of education superior. The traditional universities are purchase alprazolam alprazolam and alcohol the space (as far as its geographic location and to the edilicias conditions) and the time (it wraps etaria of actual students limited 18 - 27 years); but the fundamental thing is purchase alprazolam the mass of knowledge created and transmitted annually by the universities is purchase alprazolam advantage of only by a purchase alprazolam of local, originating students of the same city, region or country. The development of the TIC has made possible that the same future of the universities depends on its capacity to adapt to the Society of the Information and Conocimiento (SIC) and to satisfy the more and more demanding needs with the professional universe, universal that of finds as well geographically dispersed and which etarias includes varied strips. The TIC is considered by numerous institutions of education superior like essential to reach to a ampler student population, disperses and varied, alprazolam and alcohol the physical infrastructure costs are reduced.

The universe of the education superior owns specific particularitities, among them the one to concentrate people who, of diverse forms have like fundamental occupation the participation in the creation and transmission of knowledge. By this, the resistance of some universities to share information on the insertion of technology in its activities is a fort called from attention on does not bring back to consciousness of the collective construction of the existing knowledge in some academic groups.

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