Beginning

MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF THE BIONANOTECNOLOGÍA

By Emilio Segovia
Number 68

Introduction

The Pharmaceutical Bionanotecnología can be defined as the study of the mechanisms of interaction between a group of nanocápsulas loaded of pharmacologically active molecules and diverse corp canada cialis online weaves. The use of these nanocápsulas like a management system of drugs, originates Rep a new therapeutic canada cialis online If a critical comparison between canada cialis online traditional therapeutic systems settles down a priori, the benefits of this new system are shown with total evidence.  

The conventional medicine
                                                           
In the present conventional medicine, medecines are made up of two types of ingredients, the active drugs or principles and the excipientes. The drugs are the pharmacologically active substances that have the therapeutic power and the excipientes are inactive substances, without practically no therapeutic order cialis but that they serve to increase the order cialis of the medicine to make it physically manageable.

The effect of medecines can be of two types: Topic, that only has an effect in local weaves where the medicine is applied. Its application is carried out generally in the skin or in the corporal cavities (eyes, ears, nose, pharynx, rectum, vagina, etc.) and Systemic, that have an effect in anyone of weaves of the body and its application is by oral or parenteral route.

The cialis st of administration of medecines of systemic action are several: oral (tablets, capsules, syrups, elixirs), sublingual canada cialis online parenteral (solutions, solutions of great volume, suspensions, serum). The route of parenteral administration, is divided as well in intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intratecal. The routes of administration of medecines of topical action are divided as well in skin (creams, ointments, lotions), nasal (solutions, suspensions), ophthalmic (solutions, suspensions), ótica (solutions, suspensions), rectal (supositorios, enemas) and vaginal (supositorios, solutions).

The absorption of medecines administered by oral route takes place in the thin intestine, where, through their cialis st the cialis st of the drug, like the molecules of foods, happen to the sanguineous torrent. Once in the blood, the molecules of drugs, are taken, by means of the sanguineous circulation, to the action site, where the therapeutic effect takes place.

Throughout the digestive tract, the drug faces obstacles canada cialis online against its chemical integrity: saliva, gastric canada cialis online intestinal juice, biliary and pancreatic extracts. In these conditions, when the drug finally arrives at the canada cialis online glasses Annexes to the intestinal walls, a canada cialis online proportion of him has undergone decomposition

The medicine of the future

In which it will be in a order cialis the medicine of the future, the drug is order cialis up in a capsule done of a biodegradable polymer which, in contact with the corporal liquids is disintegrated, releasing therefore the drug. The administration route is canada cialis online the mucous (nasal, bucofaríngea or vaginal).

The canada cialis online are so small (nanocápsulas) that canada cialis online are able to cross canada cialis online mucous and to happen quickly to the sanguineous torrent through the hair glasses. Thus, when canada cialis online active a molecule group pharmacologically locked up in canada cialis online affects the weaves of the organism, the capsules release the molecules that affect the pathogenic microorganisms or the virus, destroying them.

The advantages of this type of mucosal administration are pronounced canada cialis online the following affirmations:

1. The drug happens directly of the mucous to the sanguineous torrent and therefore the therapeutic effect is immediate.

1. The drug does not undergo degradation and therefore the formulated dose is transferred to the blood in their totality.

1. The canada cialis online for the patient is evident since with a simple bucofaríngea aspersion it avoids the application of injections or the swallowing of tablets, capsules or grageas.

It is clear that the drug administration nanoencapsulados by order cialis route represents, by itself, a new conception in the farmacoterapia, that will be, without doubt, the new medicine of the 21st century, leaving obsolete other routes of administration as they are the oral one, the canada cialis online and the rectal one.

It is born thus what the author has given in calling Pharmaceutical Bionanobiología, a derivation of Pharmaceutical Sciences based on the design, the analytical the nanoencapsulados drug manufacture and control, administered by the routes already mentioned.

Therefore, the importance of the Bionanotecnología resides in particular in its application to the problems of health and to the drug administration. 

Nanocápsulas

Nanocapsulas is greater than atoms and molecules. They do not obey to the quantum chemistry, nor to the laws of the classic physics. They have in addition characteristic own, being similar in size to many proteins, canada cialis online is one of the reasons for which they can enter and work well within the cells.

In the process of manufacture of nanocápsulas, parameters exist to consider to obtain the necessary characteristics for a successful therapeutic effect. These parameters are a) So large, order cialis Distribution of sizes, c) Form (sphericity), d) Hardness, e) canada cialis online and chemical Stability, f) chemical Evaluation, g) Speed of canada cialis online of the drug, h) Percentage of encapsulation of the drug.

Publications

The first publication on Nanotecnología was the Nanotechnology magazine, published by IOP Publishing Company (the USA) from Julio of 1990.

As for the bionanotecnología, it is the book of the Dr. David S. Goodsell of the Department of Molecular Biology of the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, published in 2004 by the Wiley-Liss publishing house under the title of Bionanotechnology, Lessons from Nature.

References

Barrañon, A. (2209). (Publisher). Research in Nanotechnology Developments. It novates Science. New York.

Goodsell, D.S. (2004).  Bionanotechnology, Lessons from Nature. Ed. Wiley-Liss. California.

Poole, C.P canada cialis online Owens, F.J. (2007). Introduction to the nanotecnología. Ed. Reverté. Barcelona.

Segovia, E. (2006). Medecines of the future. Conference distributed in Mountain House, University Center of the Lagos, Lagos de Moreno, Jal. October 3.

Segovia, E. (2007). Pharmaceutical Bionanotecnología: Very small Trojan horses? XL National Congress of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Merida, Yuc.

Dr. Emilio Segovia